ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a nursing student about standard precautions. Which statement made by the student indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the correct answer that indicates a need for further teaching. The rationale behind this is that standard precautions are necessary when there is a potential for contact with blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, non-intact skin, or any other potentially infectious materials. Administering oral medications to a school-age child does not typically involve exposure to these types of infectious materials, so the use of standard precautions in this situation is not necessary. Options A, B, and C demonstrate an understanding of when standard precautions are required. Giving oral care to an infant, changing an infant's diaper, and coming in contact with blood and body fluids all present opportunities for exposure to infectious materials, hence the need for standard precautions in these instances. From an educational standpoint, it is crucial to ensure that nursing students understand the rationale behind standard precautions to protect themselves, patients, and others from the spread of infections in healthcare settings. Emphasizing the importance of using standard precautions in specific situations helps to reinforce safe and effective nursing practice.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is administering the first hepatitis A vaccine to an 18-month-old child. When should the child return to the clinic for the second dose of hepatitis A vaccination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of administering the hepatitis A vaccine to an 18-month-old child, the correct answer is D) After 6 months for the second dose. The hepatitis A vaccine is typically given in two doses, with the second dose administered 6 to 18 months after the first dose. This schedule ensures optimal protection against the hepatitis A virus. Option A) After 2 months is incorrect because the second dose is not scheduled this soon. Option B) After 3 months is also incorrect as it does not align with the recommended schedule for the hepatitis A vaccine. Option C) After 4 months is incorrect as well, as it falls short of the recommended interval between the two doses. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses caring for children to understand the immunization schedules and dosing regimens for vaccines to provide safe and effective care. Following the recommended vaccine schedules helps ensure that children receive adequate protection from vaccine-preventable diseases. Understanding the timing and dosing of vaccines also plays a key role in preventing the spread of infectious diseases in both individual patients and the community at large.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine. Which is a contraindication associated with administering this vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) The child has a disorder that causes a deficient immune system. This is a contraindication for administering the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine because individuals with compromised immune systems may not be able to mount an effective immune response to the vaccine, putting them at risk for potential vaccine-related complications. Option A) The child has recently been exposed to an infectious disease is incorrect because exposure to infectious diseases is not a contraindication for administering the MMRV vaccine. In fact, vaccination in such cases may be beneficial to prevent the development of the diseases. Option B) The child has symptoms of a cold but no fever is incorrect as having a cold without fever is not a contraindication for the vaccine. Mild illnesses like a cold typically do not interfere with vaccine administration. Option C) The child is having intermittent episodes of diarrhea is incorrect because diarrhea is not a contraindication for the MMRV vaccine. As long as the child does not have a high fever or severe illness, diarrhea alone would not prevent vaccine administration. In an educational context, understanding contraindications for vaccines is crucial for nurses caring for children as it ensures safe and effective vaccination practices. Nurses must be able to assess a child's health status accurately to determine when vaccines should be delayed or contraindicated to prevent adverse reactions and ensure optimal protection.
Question 4 of 5
The clinic nurse is instructing parents about caring for a toddler with ascariasis (common roundworm). Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B: "We know that roundworm can be transmitted from person to person." This statement indicates a need for further teaching because ascariasis, caused by roundworm, is not transmitted directly from person to person. It is typically contracted by ingesting the eggs in contaminated soil. Therefore, educating the parents on the correct mode of transmission is crucial to prevent misconceptions and ensure proper preventive measures are followed. Option A is correct because washing hands frequently, especially after diaper changes, is an important preventive measure to reduce the spread of ascariasis. Option C is also correct as continuing nitazoxanide orally for 3 days is a common treatment regimen for ascariasis. Option D is correct as bringing a stool sample to the clinic for examination in 2 weeks is necessary to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and ensure the elimination of the parasite. In an educational context, it is important to emphasize accurate information to parents regarding the transmission, treatment, and preventive measures for ascariasis. Providing clear and detailed instructions will help parents effectively care for their toddler and prevent the recurrence of the infection. Understanding these key concepts will empower parents to take the necessary steps to promote their child's health and well-being.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms. Which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In assessing a child suspected of having pinworms, the most common symptom the nurse expects to find is intense perianal itching (Option D). This itching is caused by the presence of pinworms in the perianal area and is a hallmark sign of pinworm infestation. Children often experience discomfort and irritation due to the movement of the worms in this area, leading to the urge to scratch. Restlessness (Option A) and distractibility (Option B) are non-specific symptoms that can be seen in various childhood conditions. While a child with pinworms may potentially feel restless due to discomfort, it is not the most specific or common symptom associated with pinworms. Rectal discharge (Option C) is not a typical symptom of pinworm infestation. Pinworms usually do not cause discharge from the rectum, so this option is not the most expected symptom in a child with suspected pinworms. Educationally, understanding the typical symptoms of common childhood conditions like pinworm infestation is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. Recognizing the specific signs and symptoms of pinworms can lead to early detection, appropriate treatment, and prevention of transmission to others. This knowledge helps nurses provide optimal care and promote the health and well-being of children in their care.