The nurse is teaching a client with obstructive sleep apnea about lifestyle changes. Which recommendation is most appropriate?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lose weight to reduce airway obstruction. This recommendation is most appropriate as excess weight can contribute to airway obstruction in obstructive sleep apnea. Losing weight can help reduce the amount of fatty tissue around the airway, improving airflow during sleep. A: Sleeping in a supine position may worsen obstructive sleep apnea by causing the tongue and soft tissues to block the airway. B: Limiting fluid intake in the evening may help reduce nighttime trips to the bathroom but does not directly address the underlying cause of obstructive sleep apnea. D: Avoiding the use of CPAP even if symptoms improve is not recommended as CPAP therapy is an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea and helps maintain open airways during sleep.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of oxygen therapy for a client with chronic bronchitis is to improve oxygen delivery to tissues. In chronic bronchitis, the airways are inflamed and narrowed, leading to decreased oxygen exchange. Providing supplemental oxygen helps increase oxygen levels in the blood, improving oxygen delivery to tissues throughout the body. This can alleviate symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue. Choice A is incorrect because oxygen therapy primarily focuses on increasing oxygen levels, not reducing carbon dioxide levels. Choice C is incorrect as oxygen therapy does not directly address mucus production. Choice D is incorrect as the goal of oxygen therapy is not specifically to prevent pneumonia, although adequate oxygenation can support overall respiratory health and reduce the risk of complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased shortness of breath. After a thoracentesis, a potential complication is a pneumothorax, causing increased shortness of breath. This requires immediate medical attention to prevent respiratory compromise. Choices A, C, and D are common post-thoracentesis symptoms that may occur but do not indicate an urgent need for medical intervention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method to measure oxygen saturation in the blood by using a sensor on the patient's finger. 2. It is commonly used in assessing respiratory conditions like asthma exacerbation to monitor oxygen levels. 3. Thoracentesis is a procedure to remove fluid from the pleural space, not for measuring oxygen saturation. 4. Diffusion capacity measures how well oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs, not oxygen saturation. 5. Maximal respiratory pressure assesses the strength of respiratory muscles, not oxygen saturation. Summary: Pulse oximetry is the correct choice as it is a non-invasive method to measure oxygen saturation, which is crucial in assessing and managing respiratory conditions like acute asthma exacerbation. Thoracentesis, diffusion capacity, and maximal respiratory pressure are not appropriate for measuring oxygen saturation in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a patient with a sore throat and a muffled voice may indicate a potential airway obstruction, such as peritonsillar abscess or epiglottitis, requiring immediate assessment to prevent respiratory compromise. Choice B is incorrect because a 'scratchy throat' and a positive rapid strep test may indicate a bacterial infection but do not pose an immediate threat to the airway. Choice C is incorrect as the patient receiving radiation for throat cancer and experiencing severe fatigue requires assessment but not as urgently as a potential airway obstruction. Choice D is incorrect because a red and inflamed stoma in a patient with a history of laryngectomy may indicate infection or irritation, but it does not pose an immediate threat to the airway as the patient already has a stoma for breathing.