ATI RN
Nursing Fundamentals Oxygenation Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with asthma about using a peak flow meter. What is the primary purpose of this device?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. A peak flow meter measures peak expiratory flow rate, indicating how well air moves out of the lungs. 2. Early signs of worsening asthma include decreased peak flow readings. 3. By monitoring peak flow, the client can take necessary actions to prevent asthma exacerbations. 4. Choices A and B are incorrect as peak flow meters do not measure lung compliance or directly monitor bronchodilator effectiveness. 5. Choice D is incorrect as peak flow meters are used for ongoing monitoring, not initial diagnosis.
Question 2 of 5
A diabetic patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) results are pH 7.28; PaCO2 34 mm Hg; PaO2 85 mm Hg; HCO3€“ 18 mEq/L. The nurse would expect which finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Kussmaul respirations. In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the ABG results show metabolic acidosis (low pH, low HCO3-) compensated by respiratory alkalosis (low PaCO2). Kussmaul respirations are deep and rapid breathing pattern seen in DKA to blow off excess CO2 and compensate for the metabolic acidosis. Intercostal retractions (A) may occur in severe respiratory distress, but this is not specific to DKA. Low oxygen saturation (C) may be present due to respiratory distress but is not the primary finding in DKA. Decreased venous O2 pressure (D) is not a typical finding in DKA.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient who was hospitalized for pneumonia. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates a good understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will continue to do deep breathing and coughing exercises at home." This statement shows good understanding as these exercises help prevent complications like pneumonia recurrence. Choice A is incorrect because feeling tired after a week is a vague symptom. Choice C is incorrect as scheduling two vaccine appointments is unnecessary. Choice D is incorrect as canceling a follow-up chest x-ray can lead to missed complications.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse observes a patient with a tracheostomy coughing up thick secretions. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform tracheal suctioning. This is the first intervention because thick secretions can obstruct the tracheostomy tube, leading to respiratory distress. Suctioning helps clear the airway to improve breathing. Encouraging oral fluid intake (B) may not be effective in clearing the secretions. Administering a mucolytic agent (C) may help liquefy secretions but suctioning is more immediate. Teaching about humidification (D) can help prevent thick secretions but immediate action is needed to clear the airway.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with chronic bronchitis is prescribed a combination inhaler containing a corticosteroid and a long-acting beta-agonist. Which instruction should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rinse your mouth after using this inhaler. The nurse should emphasize this instruction to prevent oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids. Rinsing the mouth helps to remove any residual medication that can lead to fungal overgrowth. A: Using the inhaler during acute asthma attacks is not appropriate as this combination inhaler is indicated for chronic bronchitis, not for acute asthma exacerbations. C: Taking the medication only when symptoms occur is incorrect as these medications should be used regularly to control symptoms in chronic bronchitis. D: Shaking the inhaler before use is a common instruction for inhalers, but it is not the most crucial instruction for this particular combination inhaler.