Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it directly addresses the concern of a possible perforated eardrum by inquiring about the relationship between ear pain and discharge. This is crucial in assessing the severity of the condition. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on subjective symptoms not specific to a perforated eardrum. Choice B is irrelevant as it doesn't pertain to the immediate concern. Choice C is also incorrect as it doesn't target the current issue of a potential perforated eardrum. Asking about ear pain and discharge helps determine the likelihood of a perforated eardrum and guides further assessment and care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it directly addresses the concern of a possible perforated eardrum by inquiring about the relationship between ear pain and discharge. This is crucial in assessing the severity of the condition. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on subjective symptoms not specific to a perforated eardrum. Choice B is irrelevant as it doesn't pertain to the immediate concern. Choice C is also incorrect as it doesn't target the current issue of a potential perforated eardrum. Asking about ear pain and discharge helps determine the likelihood of a perforated eardrum and guides further assessment and care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. When using an otoscope to assess the nasal cavity, it is crucial to avoid touching the nasal septum with the speculum to prevent discomfort or injury to the patient. Touching the nasal septum can cause pain and potential damage. Incorrect Choices: A: Inserting the speculum at least 3 cm into the vestibule is not necessary and may cause discomfort or injury to the patient. C: Displacing the nose to the side being examined is not required and may not provide any additional benefit during the assessment. D: Keeping the speculum tip medial to avoid touching the floor of the nares is not as critical as avoiding contact with the nasal septum, which is more sensitive and can be easily injured.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a bruit in a 3-year-old child, especially over the temporal area, is not a normal finding and could indicate a serious underlying issue such as an arteriovenous malformation or other vascular abnormality. Stopping the examination and notifying the physician is crucial for further evaluation and management. A: Continuing the examination is not appropriate as the bruit should prompt further investigation. B: Checking again in 1 hour is unnecessary delay in addressing a potentially serious issue. C: Notifying the parents alone without medical intervention may delay necessary evaluation and treatment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because testing for color vision once between the ages of 4 and 8 is appropriate to assess any potential color vision deficiencies. This age range is crucial as color vision development is mostly completed by the age of 8. Annual checks (A) are not necessary unless there are specific concerns. Asking the child to identify clothing color (B) may not be a reliable indicator of color vision deficiency. No information is provided for option D.