ATI RN
Quizlet Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the surgical consent with the patient during preoperative education and finds the patient does not understand what procedure will be completed. What is the nurse's best next step?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Notify the health care provider about the patient's question. The nurse's best next step is to ensure that the patient fully understands the procedure before proceeding with obtaining consent. By notifying the healthcare provider, the nurse can facilitate clear communication between the provider and the patient to address any misunderstandings and clarify information. This step promotes patient autonomy, informed decision-making, and patient safety. Summary: - B: Explaining the procedure directly may not address the underlying issue of the patient's lack of understanding. - C: Continuing preoperative education without addressing the patient's misunderstanding may lead to further confusion. - D: Asking the patient to sign the form without resolving the misunderstanding would not align with informed consent principles.
Question 2 of 5
Your adult patient presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. She reports the pain began last night and has worsened. She is breathing 28 times per minute with a SpO2 of 96 percent on room air. She reports the pain worsens when asked to take a deep breath. Lung sounds are equal with a grating sound heard on inhalation. The patient's heart rate and blood pressure are normal. She is showing a sinus rhythm with a first-degree atrioventricular block present in lead II on the ECG. Which of the following is most likely the cause of her complaints?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pleurisy. Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura, the lining around the lungs. In this case, the patient's symptoms of chest pain worsened by deep breathing, grating sound on inhalation, and normal heart rate and blood pressure indicate pleurisy. The grating sound, known as pleural friction rub, is characteristic of pleurisy. The absence of significant cardiac abnormalities rules out acute myocardial infarction. Asthma typically presents with wheezing and bronchospasm, while bronchitis involves cough and sputum production, neither of which are seen in this patient. Pleurisy is the most likely cause based on the patient's presentation and physical exam findings.
Question 3 of 5
You are on-scene with a cardiac history patient experiencing unstable ventricular tachycardia that is not responding well to prehospital interventions. The patient and family want the patient transported to a hospital across town; however, there is a facility more capable of handling the cardiac event much closer. Which of the following would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it prioritizes the patient's best interest. By explaining the situation to the patient and family and then transporting the patient to the closer facility to benefit from timely care, it ensures the patient receives the most appropriate treatment promptly. This approach balances patient autonomy with medical necessity. Choice A is incorrect because delaying the patient's transfer to the more capable facility may compromise their health. Choice B is incorrect as it prioritizes patient preference over medical urgency. Choice D is incorrect as it disregards patient and family input and fails to consider the patient's medical needs.
Question 4 of 5
What can the paramedic expect to find when evaluating the pupillary response of a patient suspected of suffering from herniation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bilateral pupil dilation. In cases of herniation, increased intracranial pressure can lead to compression of the cranial nerves, resulting in bilateral pupil dilation. This is known as the "blown pupil" sign. Unilateral, unequal, or non-reactive pupils (Choice B) could indicate other issues like trauma or nerve damage. Bilaterally unequal and non-responsive pupils (Choice C) are not typical of herniation. Sluggish response with equal pupils (Choice D) may suggest a different neurological condition but not specifically herniation.
Question 5 of 5
You are on-scene with a patient suspected of taking a large amount of meperidine hydrochloride. Which of the following interventions may be effective in reversing the adverse effects of the ingested medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Naloxone. Meperidine is an opioid, and naloxone is an opioid antagonist that can reverse opioid overdose effects. Step 1: Identify the ingested substance (meperidine is an opioid). Step 2: Choose the appropriate antidote (naloxone for opioid overdose). Step 3: Administer naloxone to reverse respiratory depression and other opioid effects. Activated charcoal (A) is used to absorb toxins in the gastrointestinal tract, not opioids. Atropine (B) is an anticholinergic drug used for bradycardia and not effective for opioid overdose. Romazicon (C) is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist and not used for opioid overdose reversal.