ATI RN
Quizlet Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the surgical consent with the patient during preoperative education and finds the patient does not understand what procedure will be completed. What is the nurse's best next step?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Notify the health care provider about the patient's question. The nurse must ensure that the patient fully understands the procedure before proceeding with obtaining consent. By notifying the healthcare provider, the nurse can facilitate further clarification and discussion with the patient to address any concerns or questions. This ensures patient autonomy and informed decision-making. Explanation for other choices: B: Explaining the procedure that will be completed is important, but the patient's lack of understanding indicates the need for further clarification from the healthcare provider. C: Continuing with preoperative education without addressing the patient's lack of understanding would not be appropriate as it may lead to miscommunication. D: Asking the patient to sign the form without ensuring comprehension would not uphold the principle of informed consent.
Question 2 of 5
Your adult patient presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. She reports the pain began last night and has worsened. She is breathing 28 times per minute with a SpO2 of 96 percent on room air. She reports the pain worsens when asked to take a deep breath. Lung sounds are equal with a grating sound heard on inhalation. The patient's heart rate and blood pressure are normal. She is showing a sinus rhythm with a first-degree atrioventricular block present in lead II on the ECG. Which of the following is most likely the cause of her complaints?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pleurisy. Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura, the lining surrounding the lungs. The patient's symptoms of chest pain worsened by deep breathing, grating sound on inhalation, and normal heart rate suggest pleurisy. The absence of other cardiac symptoms, such as abnormal ECG findings or elevated troponin levels, makes acute myocardial infarction less likely (C). Asthma (B) typically presents with wheezing and respiratory distress, which are not seen in this patient. Bronchitis (D) usually presents with productive cough, which is not described here. Pleurisy fits the clinical presentation of chest pain worsened by breathing, pleural friction rub, and normal heart rate.
Question 3 of 5
You are on-scene with a cardiac history patient experiencing unstable ventricular tachycardia that is not responding well to prehospital interventions. The patient and family want the patient transported to a hospital across town; however, there is a facility more capable of handling the cardiac event much closer. Which of the following would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer C: 1. Safety: Transporting to the closer facility will reduce transport time, critical for unstable ventricular tachycardia. 2. Medical benefit: The closer facility is more capable, providing better care for the cardiac event. 3. Informed decision: Explaining the situation to the patient and family ensures understanding and involvement in the decision-making process. 4. Patient-centered care: Transporting to benefit the patient's health is the priority. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Delaying transport to explain at the farther facility risks the patient's health. B: Prioritizing patient preference over medical necessity can endanger the patient. D: Disregarding medical expertise and patient safety in favor of family choice is inappropriate.
Question 4 of 5
What can the paramedic expect to find when evaluating the pupillary response of a patient suspected of suffering from herniation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bilateral pupil dilation. When evaluating a patient suspected of suffering from herniation, the paramedic can expect to find bilateral pupil dilation due to increased intracranial pressure affecting the oculomotor nerve. This dilation is a result of the pressure compressing the nerve fibers, leading to loss of parasympathetic tone and unopposed sympathetic tone causing the pupils to dilate. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: A unilaterally, unequal and non-reactive pupil - This is more indicative of a localized eye injury or nerve damage, not herniation. C: Bilaterally, unequal and non-responsive pupils - This may indicate severe neurological damage or brainstem dysfunction, not specifically related to herniation. D: Sluggish response, but equal pupils - This response is unlikely in cases of herniation where rapid changes in pupillary response are more common.
Question 5 of 5
You are on-scene with a patient suspected of taking a large amount of meperidine hydrochloride. Which of the following interventions may be effective in reversing the adverse effects of the ingested medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Naloxone. Meperidine hydrochloride is an opioid analgesic, and naloxone is an opioid antagonist that can reverse opioid overdose effects by competing for opioid receptor sites. Step 1: Identify the medication ingested (meperidine). Step 2: Recognize that meperidine is an opioid. Step 3: Understand that naloxone is an opioid antagonist that can reverse opioid effects. Step 4: Administer naloxone to competitively block opioid receptors and reverse the adverse effects. Activated charcoal (A) is used for certain poisonings, not opioids. Atropine (B) is a medication used for bradycardia and not effective for opioid overdose. Romazicon (C) is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, not indicated for opioid overdose.