ATI RN
Anatomy of Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the results of a patient's arterial blood gas analysis. What should the nurse recognize as being a normal blood pH?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 7.38. Normal blood pH ranges from 7.35 to 7.45. A pH of 7.38 falls within this range, indicating a slightly alkaline (basic) pH, which is considered normal. Choices A, B, and D are all outside the normal range, indicating acidosis (A and B) or alkalosis (D). Therefore, C is the correct answer as it falls within the normal blood pH range.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse reviews the laboratory data for an older patient. The nurse would be most concerned about which finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a low WBC count of 2800/L indicates leukopenia, which can compromise the immune system in older adults, leading to increased susceptibility to infections. This finding is concerning as it can pose serious health risks. A: A hematocrit of 35% is within the normal range for older adults and not a cause for concern. B: A hemoglobin level of 11.8 g/dL is slightly lower but still within an acceptable range for older adults and unlikely to be a major concern. C: A platelet count of 400000/L is within the normal range and would not be a significant worry for the nurse. In summary, a low WBC count can indicate a weakened immune system, making it the most concerning finding among the choices given.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse examines the lymph nodes of a patient during a physical assessment. Which assessment finding would be of most concern to the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A 2-cm nontender supraclavicular node. This finding is concerning because supraclavicular nodes are not normally palpable. Enlarged supraclavicular nodes can indicate metastatic cancer. B is incorrect because mobile and nontender axillary nodes are usually benign. C is incorrect as the inability to palpate superficial nodes may be normal. D is incorrect as firm inguinal nodes could indicate a localized infection or inflammation.
Question 4 of 5
A client is having a bone marrow biopsy today. What action by the nurse takes priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure valid consent is on the chart. This is the priority because obtaining informed consent is crucial before any invasive procedure like a bone marrow biopsy. Without valid consent, the procedure cannot proceed legally or ethically. Administering pain medication (choice A) and premedicating with sedatives (choice D) are important for client comfort but are not the priority. Having the client shower in the morning (choice C) is not directly related to the immediate safety or success of the biopsy.
Question 5 of 5
A 5-year-old boy presents with a 3-week history of his right eye “not moving to the right side.†The remainder of his neurologic exam is normal with the exception of a weak gag. MRI of the brain reveals a diffusely infiltrative mass in the pons. If this patient were to undergo a stereotactic biopsy, what would be the most likely molecular finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: H3 K27M mutation. In children with diffuse midline gliomas, the most common molecular finding is the H3 K27M mutation. This mutation is associated with a worse prognosis and is commonly found in tumors located in the pons, which is consistent with the MRI findings in this case. Choice A (BRAFKIAA1549 fusion) is incorrect as this fusion is typically associated with pilocytic astrocytomas, which are low-grade tumors and not typically found in the pons. Choice B (Trisomy 21) is incorrect as it is a chromosomal abnormality associated with Down syndrome, not a molecular finding in brain tumors. Choice D (RELA fusion) is incorrect as this fusion is typically found in ependymomas, which are not typically located in the pons.