The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient and notes a new order for an angiotensin-

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, a type of angiotensin inhibitor, may have a serious interaction with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This interaction can potentially reduce the effectiveness of the ACE inhibitor in lowering blood pressure and may cause kidney damage in susceptible individuals. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to be aware of this potential drug interaction and to monitor the patient for any signs of adverse effects when these two drug classes are used together.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication that is used to control seizures. One of the common side effects of phenytoin is the development of tremors, which are involuntary shaking movements of the body. Patients taking phenytoin may experience tremors as a result of the medication's effects on the central nervous system. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor patients taking phenytoin for the development of tremors and manage them accordingly.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Given the patient's history of liver transplant and current medications (prednisone and azathioprine), the nurse should pay close attention to an increased cholesterol level. Corticosteroids (such as prednisone) and immunosuppressants (such as azathioprine) can both contribute to dyslipidemia, leading to elevated cholesterol levels. Monitoring cholesterol levels is crucial in this patient population to assess cardiovascular risk and potentially adjust medications or lifestyle interventions accordingly. The other findings mentioned (soft non-tender lump in the shoulder, grade 1+ pitting edema in the feet, swollen and pinkish gums) may be important to note but do not directly relate to the patient's history of liver transplant and medication regimen.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lithium is a medication commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. One of the major side effects of lithium therapy is the risk of developing seizures, especially when the blood level of lithium becomes too high (lithium toxicity). Therefore, it is crucial to monitor patients on lithium therapy for signs of seizures, such as convulsions, loss of consciousness, or twitching. Monitoring lithium levels regularly and adjusting the dosage as needed can help reduce the risk of seizures in patients taking this medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Furosemide belongs to the class of drugs known as loop diuretics. These diuretics act on the thick ascending loop of Henle in the kidney to inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption, leading to increased urine production and subsequent fluid loss. Loop diuretics are commonly used to treat conditions such as heart failure, hypertension, and edema. Furosemide is a widely prescribed loop diuretic known for its potent diuretic effects.