The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder. The nurse notes that the client has had numerous episodes involving irritability, aggressiveness, and impulsivity and has exhibited callousness toward others. Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely identify as a priority?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Risk for Other-Directed Violence. This diagnosis is the priority because individuals with antisocial personality disorder often display behaviors such as irritability, aggressiveness, and callousness towards others. This places them at a higher risk for exhibiting violent behaviors directed towards others. It is crucial for the nurse to prioritize assessing and managing this risk to ensure the safety of both the client and others. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: B: Risk for Self-Injury - Individuals with antisocial personality disorder are more likely to harm others rather than themselves. C: Risk for Suicide - Antisocial personality disorder is not typically associated with an increased risk for suicide. D: Risk for Self-Directed Violence - Individuals with antisocial personality disorder are more inclined towards externalizing behaviors rather than self-directed violence.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: NMDA receptor antagonist. Memantine is a medication used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by blocking the NMDA receptors, which helps regulate glutamate activity in the brain. This action can improve cognitive function in individuals with dementia. Choice A (Atypical antipsychotic) is incorrect because memantine is not classified as an antipsychotic medication. Choice B (Cholinesterase inhibitor) is incorrect because while cholinesterase inhibitors are also used in treating Alzheimer's disease, memantine works through a different mechanism by targeting NMDA receptors. Choice D (Benzodiazepine) is incorrect because benzodiazepines are not typically used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Depression. Depression is a common comorbidity with chronic pain and can exacerbate the client's overall condition. The nurse should prioritize assessing for depression as it can impact the client's pain management, adherence to treatment, and overall quality of life. Grief, panic disorder, and bulimia are important considerations but may not directly impact the client's chronic pain management as significantly as depression. It is crucial for the nurse to address the client's mental health needs to provide holistic care and improve outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C - Keep bedroom cool at night. This is important because a cool environment promotes better sleep by helping the body lower its core temperature, which is essential for falling and staying asleep. Choice A is incorrect as exercising close to bedtime can actually stimulate the body and make it harder to fall asleep. Choice B is incorrect as taking a nap during the day can interfere with the ability to fall asleep at night. Choice D is incorrect as consuming a high carbohydrate snack at bedtime may disrupt sleep due to potential indigestion or fluctuations in blood sugar levels. In summary, maintaining a cool bedroom temperature is crucial for promoting quality sleep in individuals with insomnia.