ATI RN
Quizlet Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the changes that occur with menopause. Which changes are associated with menopause?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Answer A is correct because during menopause, there is uterine and ovarian atrophy due to decreased estrogen levels, leading to a thinning of the vaginal epithelium. This is a common physiological change associated with menopause. Summary of other choices: B: Incorrect - Increased vaginal secretions and clitoral size do not typically occur with menopause. C: Incorrect - Cervical hypertrophy and increased acidity of vaginal secretions are not common changes seen with menopause. D: Incorrect - Vaginal mucosa fragility and uterine hypertrophy are not typical changes associated with menopause.
Question 2 of 5
A patient calls the clinic for instructions before having a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear. The most appropriate instructions from the nurse are:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because avoiding intercourse, inserting anything into the vagina, or douching within 24 hours of the appointment helps ensure an accurate Pap smear result. Intercourse, vaginal products, and douching can introduce foreign substances or disrupt the natural vaginal flora, potentially affecting the test results. Option A is incorrect because using pads during menstruation is a general recommendation and not specific to a Pap smear appointment. Option C is incorrect because bringing a sample of discharge is not necessary for a Pap smear. Option D is incorrect because douching is not recommended before a Pap smear as it can alter the vaginal environment.
Question 3 of 5
A 22-year-old woman is being seen at the clinic for problems with vulvar pain, dysuria, and fever. On physical examination, the nurse notices clusters of small, shallow vesicles with surrounding erythema on the labia. Inguinal lymphadenopathy is present. The most likely cause of these lesions is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Herpes simplex virus type 2. The presence of small, shallow vesicles with surrounding erythema on the labia, along with symptoms of vulvar pain, dysuria, and fever, are classic signs of genital herpes caused by HSV-2. The inguinal lymphadenopathy further supports the diagnosis. Herpes simplex virus is known for causing painful vesicular lesions in the genital area. Choice A, Pediculosis pubis, is incorrect as it presents with itching and nits (eggs) attached to the hair shafts, not vesicles. Choice B, Contact dermatitis, typically presents with red, itchy, and inflamed skin due to an allergic reaction. Choice C, HPV, does not typically present with vesicles but rather with warts or abnormal cell changes on the skin or mucous membranes.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been experiencing vaginal bleeding and cramping, which the nurse suspects could be an early sign of a miscarriage. Which of the following should the nurse assess for during this examination?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Weight loss and fatigue. In the context of vaginal bleeding and cramping, weight loss and fatigue are concerning signs that may indicate a potential miscarriage. Weight loss could be due to decreased appetite or nutritional deficiencies associated with the stress of a miscarriage. Fatigue may result from hormonal changes and emotional distress. Assessing for weight loss and fatigue helps the nurse monitor the patient's overall well-being and provide appropriate support. Choice A (Hyperthyroidism) is incorrect as it is not directly related to the symptoms of vaginal bleeding and cramping suggestive of a possible miscarriage. Choice B (High blood pressure) is also incorrect as it is not typically associated with early signs of a miscarriage. Choice D (Changes in breast size or tenderness) is incorrect as these symptoms are more commonly related to pregnancy rather than miscarriage.
Question 5 of 5
A 45-year-old woman is seeking advice on contraception. She is considering using an intrauterine device (IUD). The nurse should inform her that the IUD is effective for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 5 to 10 years. IUDs are long-acting reversible contraceptives effective for 5 to 10 years depending on the type. Hormonal IUDs last around 5 years, while copper IUDs can last up to 10 years. This extended duration provides reliable contraception for an extended period with minimal user intervention. Choice B: 1 to 2 years is incorrect because IUDs have a longer duration of effectiveness. Choice C: 3 to 5 years is incorrect as it falls short of the typical duration of effectiveness for most IUD types. Choice D: Indefinitely is incorrect as IUDs do have a maximum effective period, after which they need to be removed or replaced.