The nurse is reviewing information about evidence-based practice (EBP). Which statement best reflects EBP?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because evidence-based practice (EBP) emphasizes the integration of best available evidence with clinician expertise and patient preferences. This approach ensures that clinical decisions are informed by the most current and relevant evidence, while also considering the individual needs and values of the patient. Choice A is incorrect because EBP does not rely solely on tradition but on empirical evidence. Choice B is incorrect as it oversimplifies EBP as just using best practice techniques without considering the broader context. Choice D is incorrect because patient preferences play a crucial role in EBP to provide patient-centered care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Microwave diathermy is used to increase heat to muscles, joints, and tissues, aiding in pain relief, improving circulation, and promoting healing. Choice A is correct as it helps increase heat to muscles. Choice C is also correct as it helps increase heat to joints. Choice B is incorrect because microwave diathermy is not typically used for resolving hematomas, as other modalities like cold therapy are more effective. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it encompasses all the indications for microwave diathermy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Horner's syndrome. Anisocoria in Horner's syndrome is due to sympathetic nerve dysfunction, leading to a smaller pupil (miosis) in the affected eye. This occurs because of disruption in the sympathetic pathway, causing ptosis, anhidrosis, and miosis. Benign anisocoria (choice B) is a normal physiological variation in pupil size and does not involve pathologic causes. Differing light intensities for each eye (choice C) can cause temporary unequal pupil size but is not a pathologic cause. Eye prosthesis (choice D) is an artificial eye and not a cause of anisocoria.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the presence of normal tympany over the left upper quadrant indicates that gas-filled structures, such as the stomach or intestines, are present. This suggests that the mass is not the spleen, which is a solid organ that would produce dullness to percussion. A: A palpable 'notch' along its edge is more indicative of an enlarged spleen rather than a kidney. B: The inability to push your fingers between the mass and the costal margin suggests a mass that is closely adherent to the ribs, which could be seen in both enlarged kidney and spleen. D: The ability to push your fingers medial and deep to the mass could also be seen in both kidney and spleen enlargements.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Is used to listen for high-pitched sounds. The diaphragm of the stethoscope is designed to pick up high-frequency sounds like normal heart sounds and lung sounds. It should be pressed firmly against the skin to maximize sound transmission. Choice B is incorrect because low-pitched sounds are better detected with the bell of the stethoscope. Choice C is incorrect because pressing lightly would decrease the sound transmission for high-pitched sounds. Choice D is incorrect as extra heart sounds and murmurs are also better heard with the bell of the stethoscope.