The nurse is reviewing a student nurse's charting and notes that the student has documented absent bowel sounds. The nurse reminds the student that in order to document absent bowel sounds, one must auscultate each quadrant at what period of time?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (5 minutes). Bowel sounds may be absent temporarily and can vary in different quadrants. Auscultating each quadrant for a longer duration (5 minutes) allows for a more accurate assessment. Choices A-C are incorrect because they do not provide sufficient time to accurately determine the presence or absence of bowel sounds in all quadrants. A shorter time frame might lead to inaccurate documentation and potentially missed abnormal findings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because elevating the affected leg helps improve blood circulation, reduce swelling, and promote healing of the ulcer. Applying a pressure bandage also helps with compression therapy, which aids in managing wound drainage and preventing infection. A: Applying a dry dressing may not provide enough moisture for proper wound healing. C: Using a hydrocolloid dressing can promote moisture retention but avoiding movement of the leg may hinder circulation and delay healing. D: Administering antibiotics is important if there is an infection present, but it does not directly promote healing of the ulcer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: cholecystokinin. Cholecystokinin is a hormone released by the small intestine in response to the presence of fatty acids and amino acids in the duodenum. It stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. Gastrin (A) stimulates acid secretion in the stomach. Secretin (B) stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid. Insulin (D) is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels and does not play a role in bile release.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: secretin. Secretin is a hormone produced by the small intestine in response to acidic chyme entering the duodenum. It stimulates the release of pancreatic juice from the pancreas, which helps neutralize the acidic chyme. Summary: B: Gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion in the stomach. C: Cholecystokinin stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and pancreatic enzymes. D: Insulin regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: pepsin. Pepsin is an enzyme produced in the stomach that specifically breaks down proteins into peptides. Amylase (A) digests carbohydrates, lipase (B) digests fats, and sucrase (D) digests sucrose. Pepsin is the only enzyme among the choices that is responsible for digesting proteins, making it the correct answer.