The nurse is providing teaching to the client who is pregnant and has cystic fibrosis. The nurse should explain that the client is at increased risk for which condition?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of a pregnant client with cystic fibrosis, it is crucial for the nurse to provide accurate education regarding potential risks. The correct answer, gestational diabetes (B), is directly related to cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis can lead to pancreatic dysfunction, impairing the regulation of glucose levels during pregnancy, thereby increasing the risk of gestational diabetes. Option A, emergency delivery, is not directly associated with cystic fibrosis. While pregnancy in women with cystic fibrosis may necessitate careful monitoring and management, emergency delivery is not a typical risk solely due to cystic fibrosis. Option C, placenta previa, is not inherently linked to cystic fibrosis. Placenta previa is more commonly associated with factors such as previous uterine surgeries, advanced maternal age, or multiparity. Option D, spontaneous abortion, is not a direct consequence of cystic fibrosis in pregnancy. While pregnancy in women with cystic fibrosis may pose challenges due to the mother's health status, spontaneous abortion is not a known increased risk solely due to cystic fibrosis. Educationally, understanding the specific risks associated with medical conditions during pregnancy is crucial for nurses to provide tailored care and education to pregnant clients. This rationale helps nurses comprehend the relationship between cystic fibrosis and gestational diabetes, enabling them to offer accurate information and support to pregnant clients with this condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of NCLEX questions on oxygenation and perfusion, understanding photosynthesis is crucial as it directly relates to the production of oxygen and maintenance of atmospheric oxygen levels. The correct answer, option A, accurately describes photosynthesis as the process by which plants use water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of sugar (glucose). This process is essential for life on Earth as it is the primary source of oxygen in the atmosphere, which is vital for human and animal respiration. Option B, stating that photosynthesis consumes oxygen, is incorrect. In reality, photosynthesis is the process that releases oxygen as a byproduct. Option C, claiming that photosynthesis is a cycle without oxygen, is also inaccurate as oxygen is a key product of the photosynthetic process. Educationally, understanding the process of photosynthesis is fundamental for healthcare professionals as it underpins the oxygenation and perfusion processes in the human body. By comprehending how plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis, healthcare providers can appreciate the interconnectedness of oxygen production in nature and its importance for sustaining life. This knowledge is particularly valuable in fields such as nursing, where a solid understanding of oxygenation and perfusion is critical for providing effective patient care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When a chest tube becomes separated from the drainage device, the nurse should submerge the end in water, creating a water seal, but allowing air to escape, until a new drainage unit can be attached. This is done instead of clamping to prevent another pneumothorax. Then the nurse should assess vital signs and notify the health care provider.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of oxygenation and perfusion, selecting the appropriate catheter size is crucial for effective airway management. In this scenario, choosing a French 18 catheter (Option A) for Mr. Hamilton is the correct choice for several reasons. Firstly, Mr. Hamilton is an adult, and a larger catheter size like Fr. 18 is more suitable for adults as it allows for effective removal of thick secretions without clogging. The larger diameter of the Fr. 18 catheter provides better suctioning capabilities for adult patients compared to smaller sizes. Option B (Fr. 12), Option C (Fr. 10), and Option D (Fr. 5) are not the optimal choices for Mr. Hamilton. Fr. 12 and Fr. 10 may not effectively suction thick secretions in an adult patient, leading to potential airway obstruction or inadequate clearance. Fr. 5 is too small for an adult patient like Mr. Hamilton and may not effectively clear secretions, compromising his respiratory status. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind selecting the appropriate catheter size based on patient age, needs, and secretions consistency is fundamental for nursing practice. This knowledge ensures safe and effective airway management, especially in patients with compromised oxygenation and perfusion. Nurses need to be equipped with this understanding to make informed decisions in clinical settings to optimize patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Trypsin. Trypsin is an enzyme secreted by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in protein digestion. Trypsin works by breaking down peptides, which are smaller chains of amino acids, into individual amino acids. This process is essential for the body to absorb and utilize proteins effectively for various physiological functions. Option B) Enterokinase is incorrect because it is an enzyme found in the small intestine that activates trypsinogen to its active form trypsin. Enterokinase does not directly participate in protein digestion. Option C) Enterogastrone is incorrect as it is a hormone that helps to inhibit gastric motility and secretion. It does not play a role in protein digestion. Option D) Amylase is also incorrect as it is an enzyme responsible for digesting carbohydrates, not proteins. Amylase breaks down complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars like glucose. Educationally, understanding the role of enzymes in the digestive process is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially for nurses preparing for the NCLEX exam. Knowing the specific functions of enzymes like trypsin, amylase, and others helps in comprehending how the body processes nutrients and maintains homeostasis. This knowledge is vital for providing effective patient care and interventions related to nutrition and digestive health. Mastery of these concepts is essential for success on the NCLEX and in clinical practice.