The nurse is providing support to parents of a premature neonate in NICU. Which actions by the nurse will best provide psychosocial support to the parents? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Asking the parents how they are coping with the experience is crucial for providing psychosocial support. This action shows empathy, encourages open communication, and helps the nurse understand the parents' emotional state. By actively listening, the nurse can offer appropriate support and resources. Assessing the parents' ability to care for their neonate (Choice A) is important but does not directly address their psychosocial needs. Providing equipment for breast pumping and storage of milk (Choices C and D) is more focused on the physical aspects of care rather than the emotional support needed by the parents.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Breast milk jaundice is a common cause of jaundice in newborns due to a substance in breast milk that can increase bilirubin levels. Step 2: Switching to formula temporarily can help resolve the issue as formula-fed babies have lower incidences of jaundice. Step 3: This is supported by medical guidelines recommending temporary cessation of breastfeeding in cases of severe jaundice. Summary: A: Blood type compatibility does not directly cause jaundice in newborns. C: Bilirubin levels need to be monitored and managed in newborns with jaundice to prevent brain damage. D: Maintaining a specific temperature is not the primary method of managing jaundice in newborns.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Round occiput. In Down syndrome, individuals often exhibit a round-shaped head at the back (occiput) due to the abnormal growth patterns of the skull bones. This characteristic is a common physical feature seen in individuals with Down syndrome. A: Low-set ears - While low-set ears can be a feature in some cases of Down syndrome, it is not a defining characteristic and not always present. B: Broad nasal bridge - Broad nasal bridge is a common feature in Down syndrome, but it is not specific enough to be a defining characteristic. D: Small tongue - While individuals with Down syndrome may have slightly smaller tongues compared to the general population, it is not a prominent characteristic and not typically used for diagnosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Respiratory distress syndrome. At 35 + 3 weeks gestational age, the newborn's lungs may not be fully developed, leading to respiratory distress. This condition is common in premature babies due to surfactant deficiency, resulting in difficulty breathing. Hyperglycemia, infection, and altered nutrition are less likely in this scenario as they are not typically associated with prematurity at this gestational age. Respiratory distress is the most common concern in premature infants and requires prompt medical intervention to support breathing and lung function.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Birth trauma. Birth trauma does not directly influence bilirubin levels in infants. Prematurity can lead to immature liver function affecting bilirubin metabolism. Maternal diabetes can lead to increased risk of neonatal jaundice. Exclusively breastfeeding can lead to breastfeeding jaundice due to inadequate milk intake. Therefore, birth trauma is the only option that does not directly impact bilirubin levels in infants.