ATI RN
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing 6th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
The nurse is providing care to a female client who is diagnosed with coronary artery disease. The client states to the nurse, "I don't know how this happened." Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A is the most appropriate response by the nurse because it provides accurate information related to the client's concern about developing coronary artery disease. Studies have shown that women who take oral contraceptives have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular issues, including coronary artery disease. By providing this information, the nurse addresses the client's statement and educates her about a potential risk factor for the disease. This empowers the client with knowledge that can help her understand the possible reasons behind her diagnosis and make informed decisions about her health moving forward.
Question 2 of 9
Which dysrhythmia is most commonly associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventricular fibrillation is the dysrhythmia most commonly associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). Ventricular fibrillation is a rapid, chaotic, and disorganized electrical activity in the ventricles that leads to ineffective contraction. This dysrhythmia can quickly progress to hemodynamic collapse and ultimately cardiac arrest, resulting in sudden cardiac death if not promptly treated with defibrillation. Atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, and junctional escape rhythm are not typically associated with as high a risk of sudden cardiac death as ventricular fibrillation.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse is providing care to a female client who is diagnosed with coronary artery disease. The client states to the nurse, "I don't know how this happened." Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A is the most appropriate response by the nurse because it provides accurate information related to the client's concern about developing coronary artery disease. Studies have shown that women who take oral contraceptives have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular issues, including coronary artery disease. By providing this information, the nurse addresses the client's statement and educates her about a potential risk factor for the disease. This empowers the client with knowledge that can help her understand the possible reasons behind her diagnosis and make informed decisions about her health moving forward.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse is caring for a patient with a deep venous thrombosis of the left lower extremity. What additional body system should the nurse carefully monitor in this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) are at risk for developing a complication known as pulmonary embolism, which is a potentially life-threatening condition. A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot dislodges from the veins, typically in the legs, and travels to the lungs, blocking blood flow. This can lead to respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and in severe cases, respiratory failure. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to carefully monitor the respiratory system in a patient with DVT to promptly identify any signs of pulmonary embolism and initiate appropriate interventions to prevent further complications.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is providing teaching about long-term anticoagulant therapy to a client recovering from a pulmonary embolism. Which client statement indicates that instruction has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The statement "I need to use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor to avoid injuries" indicates that the client understands the importance of preventive measures to minimize bleeding risks while on anticoagulant therapy. Using a soft toothbrush and an electric razor can help prevent accidental cuts that may lead to bleeding complications. It shows the client's understanding of the need to take precautions to avoid potential harm while on long-term anticoagulant therapy. The other statements do not directly address safety measures to prevent bleeding complications associated with anticoagulant therapy.
Question 6 of 9
A client with heart failure is admitted to the hospital for the placement of an implantable defibrillator. The client appears comfortable at rest, but displays dyspnea with activities of daily living (ADLs). Which stage of heart failure does the nurse recognize when reading the client's health record?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In stage III of heart failure, the client displays symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, and other symptoms with ordinary physical activity, known as NYHA Class III. This is consistent with the client's presentation of dyspnea with activities of daily living, indicating a moderate level of heart failure. The need for the placement of an implantable defibrillator also suggests a more advanced stage of heart failure compared to stage I or II. Stage IV is characterized by severe symptoms at rest, which the client does not exhibit based on the information provided.
Question 7 of 9
Which statements are correct regarding the various layers of the heart? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart and is also known as the visceral layer of the serous pericardium. It is a thin layer that covers the surface of the heart and is composed of connective tissue and fat. The epicardium helps to protect the heart and provides a smooth outer surface for the heart to move within the pericardial cavity.
Question 8 of 9
What is the purpose of using warm IV fluids to help resuscitate clients in shock?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client is in shock, their body is not able to regulate its temperature effectively. In this situation, using warm IV fluids helps prevent hypothermia by providing the body with fluids at a temperature closer to the body's normal core temperature. Hypothermia can worsen the condition of a client in shock by further compromising their body's ability to maintain adequate perfusion and oxygen delivery to tissues. Therefore, utilizing warm IV fluids is essential in the resuscitation of clients in shock to help maintain their core body temperature within a suitable range.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse is planning care to reduce the risk of a patient in the intensive care unit from developing acute kidney injury. Which intervention should the nurse implement for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). One of the primary interventions to reduce the risk of AKI is to maintain adequate fluid volume and cardiac output. Adequate hydration and adequate perfusion pressure are essential for renal function. Maintaining fluid volume and adequate cardiac output ensure that the kidneys receive enough blood flow and oxygen to function optimally. Conversely, inadequate fluid volume or low cardiac output can lead to decreased renal perfusion, predisposing the patient to AKI. Monitoring and optimizing fluid status and cardiac output are crucial in preventing AKI in high-risk patients in the ICU.