ATI RN
Current Issues in Maternal Newborn Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing care to a 75-year-old female patient diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following would be the priority nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: At risk for falls related to impaired balance. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because falls can lead to serious injury in elderly patients with osteoporosis. Impaired balance is a significant risk factor for falls in this population. Choice B is not the priority as safety takes precedence over knowledge deficit. Choice C may be secondary to the risk of falls. Choice D is not the priority as preventing falls and ensuring patient safety are more critical in this case.
Question 2 of 5
A 32-year-old female patient arrives to the emergency department with heavy uterine bleeding. The nurse finds that the patient had a positive pregnancy test 1 month prior to the visit. What is the potential medical management for this patient's issue?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dilation and curettage. This procedure is used to diagnose and treat conditions like heavy uterine bleeding in cases of suspected miscarriage or incomplete abortion. It involves dilating the cervix to remove tissue from the uterus. In this scenario, the patient's positive pregnancy test and heavy bleeding suggest a possible incomplete abortion or miscarriage, making D&C appropriate. The other choices are not indicated for this situation: A (Endometrial biopsy) is used to evaluate abnormal uterine bleeding unrelated to pregnancy, C (Colposcopy) is for cervical evaluation, and D (Laparoscopy) is for abdominal and pelvic exploration, not specific to uterine bleeding.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) support group. One of the teaching points will include diet and weight loss to decrease hirsutism and acne. What is the reasoning for this rationale?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The correct answer is missing from the choices provided. However, I can provide a rationale for each choice: A: Diet and exercise can help promote weight loss, which can decrease hyperandrogenemia by reducing insulin resistance and decreasing androgen levels. B: While diet and exercise can decrease the risk of type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes in women with PCOS, this is not directly related to reducing hirsutism and acne symptoms. C: Diet and exercise can improve lipid levels and reduce cardiovascular risk in women with PCOS, but this is not the primary goal when addressing hirsutism and acne. D: Diet and exercise can improve ovulation and menstrual regularity, which may help with fertility in women with PCOS, but this is not directly related to reducing hirsutism and acne. In summary, the correct answer should focus on how diet and weight loss can specifically impact hirsutism and acne in women with PCOS.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse at a family practice clinic is providing care to a 47-year-old obese patient. The patient states that she realizes that she has put on extra weight but is reluctant to go to any exercise classes. She states that she often has to cross her legs when she sneezes and cannot do any exercises with her legs crossed. The health care provider has prescribed tolterodine (Detrol). What is the rationale for this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tolterodine is used to improve the tone and tissue in the urethral and vaginal areas. Tolterodine is a medication used to treat overactive bladders by relaxing the bladder muscles, reducing urinary urgency, frequency, and urge incontinence. Improving tone and tissue in the urethral and vaginal areas can help in controlling bladder function. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because tolterodine does not act as an appetite suppressant, facilitate weight loss, or improve blood flow to pelvic muscles to decrease urinary tract infections. The primary mechanism of action of tolterodine is related to bladder muscle relaxation rather than weight loss or blood flow improvement.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 25-year-old female patient when the patient becomes tearful. The patient states that she has thin milky discharge from her nipples and two small masses on her left breast. She has lost over 40 pounds in the past year due to intensive exercises and finds that she needs to wear a sports bra during her sessions. The patient states that she is afraid that she will become the first member of her family to have breast cancer. Besides a negative mammogram, what other symptoms would correlate with this being a benign finding? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Milky discharge from nipples. Milky discharge from nipples is often a benign finding and can be related to hormonal changes or medications. In this case, the patient's description of thin milky discharge in the context of her age, weight loss, and fear of breast cancer makes it more likely to be benign. The other choices are incorrect because extensive weight loss and painful masses could be concerning signs of malignancy, and mood swings are not directly related to breast cancer diagnosis. Therefore, the presence of milky discharge from the nipples in this patient's case would be more indicative of a benign finding.