ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Chapter 14 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing care for several patients who are at risk for
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the daily use of antacids can lead to metabolic alkalosis, which increases the risk for respiratory acidosis. Antacids can cause the body to retain bicarbonate, leading to an imbalance in the acid-base levels. This can result in hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis. Choices A and B are incorrect as they are not related to the question. Choice C is incorrect as anxiety disorder does not directly contribute to respiratory acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
The charge nurse assigned the care of a patient with acute kidney failure and hypernatremia to a newly graduated RN. Which actions can the new RN delegate to the assistive personnel (AP)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Assessing daily weights for trends can be delegated to assistive personnel (AP) as it involves a straightforward task of measuring and recording weights. Step 2: Providing oral care every 3 to 4 hours is a task that APs can handle as it does not require specialized nursing knowledge. Step 3: Monitoring for indications of dehydration can be delegated to APs as it involves observing and reporting visible signs and symptoms. Step 4: Helping the patient change position every 2 hours is a task that APs can perform to prevent pressure ulcers and promote circulation. Step 5: Recording urine output when the patient voids can be delegated to APs as it is a task that involves measuring and documenting output.
Question 3 of 5
On average, how much of the body is composed of water?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 60 percent. Water makes up about 60% of the human body, serving essential functions like regulating temperature, transporting nutrients, and removing waste. This percentage varies slightly based on factors like age and gender but generally remains around 60%. Choice A (10%) is too low; the body needs more water to function properly. Choice B (20%) is also too low, as it underestimates the significant role of water in the body. Choice C (40%) is closer but still underestimates the actual percentage of water in the body. Ultimately, D (60%) is the most accurate representation of the average water content in the human body.
Question 4 of 5
What term is synonymous with the fluid component of blood?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: plasma. Plasma is the fluid component of blood, containing water, electrolytes, proteins, hormones, and waste products. It constitutes about 55% of blood volume. Interstitial fluid (B) is found between cells, not in the blood. Extracellular fluid (C) includes both plasma and interstitial fluid. Lymph (D) is a clear fluid derived from interstitial fluid that flows in lymphatic vessels.
Question 5 of 5
Which type of transcellular fluid is associated with the intestines?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: peritoneal fluid. The peritoneal fluid is found in the peritoneal cavity, which surrounds the intestines. It provides lubrication and protection for the intestines during movement and digestion. The other choices, B: pericardial fluid, C: intrapleural fluid, and D: synovial fluid, are associated with different body cavities and functions unrelated to the intestines. Pericardial fluid is found in the pericardial cavity surrounding the heart, intrapleural fluid is found in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs, and synovial fluid is found in joints for lubrication and cushioning.