ATI RN
Infection Control Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing an education session to an adult community group about the effects of smoking on infection. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in the educational session?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because smoking affects the cilia lining the upper airways in the lungs, impairing their function in removing mucus and pathogens, leading to increased risk of respiratory infections. This information is crucial for understanding the direct impact of smoking on the body's defense mechanisms against infections. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on the cosmetic effects of smoking rather than its impact on health. Choice C is incorrect as changes in fingernail color are not directly related to the effects of smoking on infections. Choice D is also incorrect as the cost of smoking, while important, is not directly relevant to the educational session about the effects of smoking on infection.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in an intensive care unit who needs a bath. Which priority action will the nurse take to decrease the potential for a health care–associated infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use a chlorhexidine wash. This is the priority action to decrease the potential for healthcare-associated infections in an ICU setting. Chlorhexidine is an effective antiseptic that can reduce the risk of infection by killing a wide range of microorganisms on the skin. It is specifically chosen for its ability to provide prolonged antimicrobial activity, making it an essential component in infection prevention protocols. Using a chlorhexidine wash before a bath can significantly reduce the microbial load on the patient's skin, decreasing the risk of infections. Choice A, using local anesthetic on reddened areas, is not directly related to infection prevention. Choice B, using nonallergenic tape on dressings, is important for preventing allergic reactions but does not address the overall risk of healthcare-associated infections. Choice D, using filtered water, is important for certain procedures but does not target the broader goal of infection prevention in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is dressed and is preparing to care for a patient in the perioperative area. The nurse has scrubbed hands and has donned a sterile gown and gloves. Which action will indicate a break in sterile technique?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because touching clean protective eyewear with sterile gloves can introduce contaminants to the gloves, breaking sterile technique. Choice B is correct as hands should be kept below waist level to maintain sterility. Choice C is incorrect as accepting sterile supplies from the surgeon is appropriate. Choice D is incorrect as staying with the sterile table maintains sterility.
Question 4 of 5
The surgical mask the perioperative nurse is wearing becomes moist. Which action will the perioperative nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply a new mask. When a surgical mask becomes moist, it loses its effectiveness in filtering out particles and bacteria. Applying a new mask ensures proper protection for the nurse and the patient. Reapplying a moist mask after it air-dries is not recommended as it may still harbor bacteria. Changing the mask when relieved by the next shift may lead to prolonged exposure to contaminants. Continuing to wear a moist mask, even if the nurse is comfortable, compromises safety.
Question 5 of 5
Which process will be required after exposure of a nurse to blood by a cut from a used scalpel in the operative area?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because after exposure to blood, it is crucial to prioritize the health and safety of both the nurse and the patient. Testing the patient for any bloodborne pathogens and providing treatment to the nurse promptly are necessary steps to assess and mitigate potential risks of infection transmission. Placing the scalpel in a needle safe container (A) is important for proper disposal but does not address the immediate health concerns. Removing sterile gloves (C) and disposing of them in a kick bucket is a standard practice but does not address the potential exposure. Providing a medical evaluation of the nurse to the manager (D) is important but does not address the immediate need for testing and treatment.