The nurse is presenting information to new parents regarding screening of their newborn. Which information does the nurse identify as being most important to the parents?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it accurately summarizes the purpose of newborn screenings, which include detecting infections, genetic diseases, and inherited disorders early on. This information is crucial for parents to understand the comprehensive nature of newborn screenings. A: This choice is incorrect because it is a general statement about newborn screenings in the United States, but it does not specifically address the important details about the purpose of the screenings. B: This choice is incorrect because it only mentions two specific tests within newborn screenings and does not encompass the full scope of conditions that screenings aim to detect. C: This choice is incorrect because it focuses on the legal aspect of newborn screenings rather than the information that is essential for parents to know about the screenings themselves.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (A): 1. Breaking the suction by inserting a finger into the corner of the infant's mouth is the most appropriate method to remove the breast safely. 2. This technique prevents trauma to the nipple and helps the baby release the latch gently. 3. It allows for a smooth and painless disengagement of the baby from the breast. 4. By breaking the suction first, the risk of causing discomfort or injury to both the mother and the baby is minimized. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B. A popping sound is not a reliable indicator of correct breast removal and may lead to abrupt disengagement, causing pain and potential injury. C. Removing the breast slowly while the baby is asleep can disrupt the baby's sleep and may not be gentle or safe. D. Eliciting the Moro reflex is unnecessary and may startle the baby, leading to an abrupt disengagement that can cause discomfort and potential injury.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ready to use. Ready to use formula should not be diluted before being administered to an infant because it is already in the appropriate concentration for consumption. Diluting it further could result in the infant not receiving the necessary nutrients in the right proportions, potentially leading to nutritional deficiencies or other health issues. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: Powdered formulas are designed to be mixed with water according to specific instructions provided by the manufacturer, so they should be diluted before administering to an infant. B: Concentrated formulas are meant to be mixed with water before feeding to the infant, so they should be diluted as per the instructions. D: Modified cow's milk should be diluted as it is not suitable for infants in its concentrated form and needs to be appropriately prepared according to guidelines provided by healthcare professionals.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place the infant to the breast. This recommendation is correct because direct breastfeeding stimulation is the most effective way to initiate the milk-ejection reflex. The infant's sucking triggers the release of oxytocin, which causes the muscles around the milk ducts to contract and push milk out. Wearing a well-fitting firm bra (choice A) may provide support but does not directly stimulate the milk-ejection reflex. Drinking plenty of fluids (choice B) is important for overall milk production but does not specifically help initiate the reflex. Applying cool packs to the breast (choice D) may actually hinder milk flow by constricting blood vessels.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Unwrap and gently arouse the infant. This action is important to prevent the infant from falling asleep immediately after feeding, as it may lead to inadequate intake and poor weight gain. By gently arousing the infant, the mother can encourage the baby to feed for a longer duration, ensuring proper nourishment. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because waiting an hour before attempting to feed again may result in long gaps between feeds, offering a bottle at the next feeding may not address the immediate issue of inadequate feeding, and putting the infant in the crib and trying again later does not actively address the problem of the infant falling asleep too quickly after feeding.