The nurse is presenting a conference on gene dominance. What does the nurse report as the percentage of children carrying the dominant gene if one parent has a dominant gene and the other parent does not?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of gene dominance, when one parent carries a dominant gene and the other parent does not, the correct percentage of children carrying the dominant gene is 50%. This is because in cases of dominant inheritance, only one copy of the dominant allele is needed for the trait to be expressed. Therefore, if one parent has a dominant gene, they will pass that dominant gene to half of their offspring. Option A) 10% is incorrect because in cases of dominance, the presence of the dominant gene will result in a 50% chance of inheritance, not 10%. Option B) 25% is incorrect because in scenarios of dominant gene inheritance, the percentage of children carrying the dominant gene is higher at 50%, not 25%. Option D) 100% is incorrect because if one parent has a dominant gene and the other does not, there is still a 50% chance of passing on the dominant gene, not a guarantee of 100%. Understanding gene dominance is crucial in genetics and pharmacology, especially in predicting the likelihood of certain traits or conditions being passed down from parents to offspring. It is essential for healthcare professionals to grasp these concepts to provide accurate genetic counseling and make informed clinical decisions based on a patient's genetic background.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) The test results are within normal limits. Rationale: The correct response is to reassure the patient that a biophysical profile score of 8 is within the normal range. A score of 8 out of 10 indicates that the baby's overall health is good and there is no immediate concern for the need for urgent intervention. It is crucial for the nurse to provide accurate, clear, and reassuring information to the patient to alleviate any anxiety or confusion she may be experiencing. Option B) Immediate birth by cesarean birth is being considered is incorrect because a score of 8 does not indicate the need for immediate delivery. Cesarean birth is typically indicated for more severe fetal distress or complications. Option C) Further testing will be performed to determine the meaning of this score is incorrect as a score of 8 is already indicative of a good fetal status, and additional testing may not be necessary at this point. Option D) An obstetric specialist will evaluate the results of this profile and, within the next week, will inform you of your options regarding birth is incorrect as waiting a week for further evaluation is not necessary when the biophysical profile score is reassuring. Educational Context: It is essential for healthcare providers to effectively communicate test results to patients, especially in the sensitive context of pregnancy. Providing clear and accurate information can help alleviate patient anxiety and foster trust in the healthcare team. Understanding the significance of biophysical profile scores is crucial for nurses caring for pregnant patients to provide appropriate support and education.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Transcervical chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a prenatal diagnostic procedure used to detect genetic abnormalities in the fetus. The correct answer, option D, "Positive for group B Streptococcus," is a contraindication for CVS because the procedure carries a risk of ascending infection, which could be exacerbated by the presence of group B Streptococcus. Option A, "Rh-negative mother," is not a contraindication for CVS as Rh status does not directly impact the safety or efficacy of the procedure. Option B, "Gestation less than 15 weeks," is not a strict contraindication but is generally avoided due to the increased risk of limb reduction defects associated with CVS before 10-12 weeks. Option C, "Maternal age younger than 35 years," is not a contraindication as maternal age alone does not affect the safety of CVS. In an educational context, understanding contraindications for procedures like CVS is crucial for healthcare providers involved in prenatal care. It is important to consider not only the procedural aspects but also the individual patient factors that may impact the safety and success of such interventions. This knowledge ensures that appropriate patient selection is made to optimize outcomes and minimize risks in prenatal testing scenarios.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Refer to the physician for additional testing. When a pregnant patient receives positive results on a triple-screen test, it indicates the presence of certain markers that may suggest a higher risk of a chromosomal abnormality in the fetus. Therefore, it is crucial for the patient to undergo further testing to confirm or rule out the possibility of any fetal abnormalities. Option A is incorrect because a positive result on a triple-screen test warrants further investigation, as it does not signify normal results. Option C is also incorrect as validating the results with the lab facility may not provide the necessary information needed to guide the patient's care appropriately. Option D is incorrect as waiting for 2 weeks without further testing delays crucial interventions or support that the patient may need. In an educational context, understanding the implications of test results in pregnancy is vital for nurses caring for pregnant patients. It is essential for nurses to know the appropriate steps to take when abnormal results are received to ensure the best outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Collaborating with physicians and other healthcare providers to facilitate additional testing and interventions is a fundamental aspect of maternal-fetal monitoring and care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Transvaginal ultrasonography in the first trimester is crucial to evaluate the presence and location of the pregnancy. This is essential for confirming intrauterine pregnancy, determining gestational age accurately, and detecting conditions like ectopic pregnancy. A) Multifetal gestation can be identified using transvaginal ultrasonography, but it is not a specific reason for this test in the first trimester. It may be important later in pregnancy for monitoring multiple fetuses. B) Bicornuate uterus is a structural abnormality that may be better visualized through transvaginal ultrasonography, but it is not a primary indication during the first trimester unless there are specific concerns. D) Amniotic fluid volume is typically assessed later in pregnancy and is not a primary reason for transvaginal ultrasonography in the first trimester. Educational context: Understanding the indications for transvaginal ultrasonography in the first trimester is crucial for healthcare providers caring for pregnant individuals. It aids in early identification of potential pregnancy complications and ensures appropriate management.