The nurse is prescreening a surgical patient in the preadmission testing unit. The medication history indicates that the patient is currently taking an anticoagulant. Which action should the nurse take when consulting with the health care provider?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask for an international normalized ratio (INR). This is important to monitor the patient's blood clotting ability while on anticoagulants. INR measures the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy and helps determine the risk of bleeding or clotting. Asking for a radiological examination of the chest (A) is unrelated to the patient's anticoagulant therapy. Asking for a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (C) or serum sodium (Na) (D) would not be relevant in monitoring anticoagulant therapy. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate action in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: When the newborn's head is delivered. Suctioning at this point helps clear any amniotic fluid or mucus from the infant's airway, preventing potential breathing difficulties. Suctioning after the head is delivered but before the body helps ensure a clear passage for the baby's first breath. Choice A is incorrect because meconium staining alone is not a definitive indication for suctioning, and it is more crucial to maintain a clear airway during delivery. Choice C is incorrect as waiting until the entire delivery is complete may delay clearing the airway, posing risks to the newborn's breathing. Choice D is incorrect as drying and stimulating the newborn are important steps but should not delay airway clearance, which is crucial for the baby's first breath.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Narcotic overdose. The patient's presentation of increased respirations, hypotension, and bradycardia is consistent with narcotic overdose, specifically from Vicodin, which contains hydrocodone. Narcotics can cause respiratory depression leading to increased respirations as a compensatory mechanism, hypotension due to vasodilation, and bradycardia. Myasthenia gravis (A) would present with muscle weakness, not the symptoms described. Metabolic alkalosis (B) would not typically present with the combination of symptoms described. Ketoacidosis (C) is more commonly associated with uncontrolled diabetes and would present with different symptoms such as fruity breath, dehydration, and altered mental status.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: An inferior wall myocardial infarction. The EKG findings of ST elevation in leads II, III, and aVf indicate an inferior wall MI. Leads II, III, and aVf correspond to the inferior wall of the heart supplied by the right coronary artery. This pattern of ST elevation is indicative of myocardial ischemia or infarction in this region. The symptoms of chest pain radiating to the jaw and left arm are also classic for a heart attack. A: A possible aortic dissection is unlikely in this case as the EKG findings specifically point towards a myocardial infarction rather than aortic pathology. C: A possible pulmonary embolus is less likely as the EKG findings are more consistent with a myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism typically presents with symptoms such as shortness of breath and chest pain. D: A septal wall myocardial infarction is not supported by the

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: She is an emancipated minor granted by the court. This is true because an emancipated minor is legally recognized as an adult and can make medical decisions without parental consent. Emancipation typically requires a court order that grants the minor the legal status of an adult. In this case, the patient is sixteen and does not need parental consent because she has been granted emancipation by the court. Choice A (implied consent) is incorrect because implied consent generally applies in emergency situations where the patient is unable to provide consent. In this case, the patient is conscious and capable of providing consent. Choice B (not an American citizen) is incorrect because citizenship status does not impact a minor's ability to provide consent for medical treatment. Choice D (orphaned minor living alone) is incorrect because being orphaned does not automatically grant a minor the legal status to make medical decisions without parental consent.