ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which intravenous solution is correct for use with the PRBC transfusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When preparing to transfuse packed red blood cells (PRBCs), the correct intravenous solution to use is 0.9% sodium chloride (NS), which is also known as normal saline. This solution is preferred because it is isotonic and compatible with blood products like PRBCs. Using NS helps maintain the osmolarity of the blood, preventing hemolysis of red blood cells and providing a stable environment for the transfusion. Other solutions like D5W, D5NS, and D5LR are not recommended for use with PRBC transfusion because they are either hypotonic, hypertonic, or contain additives that can lead to hemolysis or other adverse reactions in the patient receiving the blood transfusion.
Question 2 of 5
A 52-year-old woman with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections complains of easy bruising as well as chronic fatigue. She is maintained on daily antibiotic prophylaxis with trimethoprim. Which of the following hematologic effects is likely as a result of long-term therapy with trimethoprim?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Trimethoprim's folate antagonism with long-term use causes megaloblastic anemia . Bruising and fatigue reflect impaired erythropoiesis. Aplastic anemia , microcytic , normocytic , and pernicious (E) don't fit. This reversible effect requires folate supplementation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which intravenous solution is correct for use with the PRBC transfusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When preparing to transfuse packed red blood cells (PRBCs), the correct intravenous solution to use is 0.9% sodium chloride (NS), which is also known as normal saline. This solution is preferred because it is isotonic and compatible with blood products like PRBCs. Using NS helps maintain the osmolarity of the blood, preventing hemolysis of red blood cells and providing a stable environment for the transfusion. Other solutions like D5W, D5NS, and D5LR are not recommended for use with PRBC transfusion because they are either hypotonic, hypertonic, or contain additives that can lead to hemolysis or other adverse reactions in the patient receiving the blood transfusion.
Question 4 of 5
What is the administration route of Ondansetron?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ondansetron is typically administered orally, commonly in the form of tablets, orally disintegrating tablets, or liquid solution. The medication is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract when taken orally, making it an effective route of administration for managing nausea and vomiting. SubQ (subcutaneous), sublingual, and buccal routes are not typical routes of administration for ondansetron.
Question 5 of 5
A 74-year-old professional golfer has chest pain that occurs toward the end of his golfing games. He says the pain usually goes away after one or two sublingual nitroglycerin tablets and rest. What type of angina is he experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The 74-year-old professional golfer is likely experiencing Prinzmetal™s angina, also known as variant angina. This type of angina is characterized by episodes of chest pain that occur at rest or during minimal physical exertion. It is caused by a spasm in the coronary arteries, leading to a temporary reduction or cessation of blood flow to the heart muscle. The chest pain associated with Prinzmetal™s angina can be severe and is often relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin, as described by the golfer. Additionally, the fact that the pain occurs towards the end of his golfing games suggests that it may be triggered by stress or exertion, common triggers for coronary artery spasm in Prinzmetal's angina.