ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine. Which is a contraindication associated with administering this vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) The child has a disorder that causes a deficient immune system. This is a contraindication for administering the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine because individuals with compromised immune systems may not be able to mount an effective immune response to the vaccine, putting them at risk for potential vaccine-related complications. Option A) The child has recently been exposed to an infectious disease is incorrect because exposure to infectious diseases is not a contraindication for administering the MMRV vaccine. In fact, vaccination in such cases may be beneficial to prevent the development of the diseases. Option B) The child has symptoms of a cold but no fever is incorrect as having a cold without fever is not a contraindication for the vaccine. Mild illnesses like a cold typically do not interfere with vaccine administration. Option C) The child is having intermittent episodes of diarrhea is incorrect because diarrhea is not a contraindication for the MMRV vaccine. As long as the child does not have a high fever or severe illness, diarrhea alone would not prevent vaccine administration. In an educational context, understanding contraindications for vaccines is crucial for nurses caring for children as it ensures safe and effective vaccination practices. Nurses must be able to assess a child's health status accurately to determine when vaccines should be delayed or contraindicated to prevent adverse reactions and ensure optimal protection.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms. Which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In assessing a child suspected of having pinworms, the most common symptom the nurse expects to find is intense perianal itching (Option D). This itching is caused by the presence of pinworms in the perianal area and is a hallmark sign of pinworm infestation. Children often experience discomfort and irritation due to the movement of the worms in this area, leading to the urge to scratch. Restlessness (Option A) and distractibility (Option B) are non-specific symptoms that can be seen in various childhood conditions. While a child with pinworms may potentially feel restless due to discomfort, it is not the most specific or common symptom associated with pinworms. Rectal discharge (Option C) is not a typical symptom of pinworm infestation. Pinworms usually do not cause discharge from the rectum, so this option is not the most expected symptom in a child with suspected pinworms. Educationally, understanding the typical symptoms of common childhood conditions like pinworm infestation is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. Recognizing the specific signs and symptoms of pinworms can lead to early detection, appropriate treatment, and prevention of transmission to others. This knowledge helps nurses provide optimal care and promote the health and well-being of children in their care.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is conducting discharge teaching to an adolescent with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What should the nurse include in the instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "All are applicable," is the correct answer for the discharge teaching to an adolescent with a MRSA infection. MRSA is a highly contagious bacterium that spreads through direct contact. Therefore, all the mentioned instructions are crucial in preventing the spread of infection. Option A is incorrect because sharing towels and washcloths can contribute to the transmission of MRSA. Option C is incorrect as using bleach for laundering towels and washcloths is specifically recommended to kill MRSA bacteria. Option D is also incorrect as daily baths or showers with an antibacterial soap can help reduce MRSA colonization and prevent infection spread. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide comprehensive discharge instructions to patients and their families to prevent the transmission of infections like MRSA. By explaining the rationale behind each instruction, nurses empower patients to actively participate in their care and reduce the risk of complications and re-infection.
Question 4 of 5
The clinic nurse is reviewing the immunization guidelines for hepatitis B. Which are true of the guidelines for this vaccine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) All are applicable. This option is correct because the immunization guidelines for hepatitis B vaccination recommend initiating the vaccination series at birth, with subsequent doses given at specific intervals based on the individual's age and immunization history. This guideline ensures early protection against hepatitis B virus infection, especially for infants born to infected mothers. Option A is incorrect because it presents only one aspect of the guidelines without considering the full scope of recommendations. While initiating the series at birth is important, the schedule for subsequent doses is also crucial. Option C is incorrect because it oversimplifies the dosing schedule. Children who have not been vaccinated at birth may require additional doses beyond just two, depending on their age and previous vaccination history. Option D is incorrect because the dosing schedule provided is not aligned with the standard guidelines for hepatitis B vaccination in children. The recommended dosing schedule for an unimmunized 10-year-old child would typically involve a different number of doses given at specific intervals. Educationally, understanding the nuances of vaccination schedules is crucial for nurses caring for children. By following the correct guidelines, nurses can ensure that children receive appropriate protection against vaccine-preventable diseases like hepatitis B, promoting overall health and well-being in pediatric populations.
Question 5 of 5
The clinic nurse is assessing a child with a heavy ascariasis lumbricoides (common roundworm) infection. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Intestinal colic. Ascariasis lumbricoides infection is caused by a common roundworm and can lead to intestinal colic due to the presence of the worms in the intestines. The worms can cause obstruction and inflammation in the intestines, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain and colic. Option A) Anemia is not typically associated with ascariasis infection. While chronic infections can lead to malnutrition and possibly iron deficiency anemia, anemia is not a common presenting symptom of this specific infection. Option B) Anorexia is not a typical symptom of ascariasis infection. In fact, many individuals with this infection may have an increased appetite due to the worms consuming essential nutrients from the host. Option C) All options are applicable is incorrect because not all the symptoms listed are typically seen in ascariasis infection. Educationally, it is important for nursing students to understand the common clinical manifestations of parasitic infections in children to provide appropriate care and interventions. Recognizing the specific signs and symptoms of ascariasis infection can help nurses effectively assess, diagnose, and treat pediatric patients presenting with this condition.