The nurse is preparing the patient for and will assist the physician with a thoracentesis in the patient’s room. Number the following actions in the order the nurse should complete them.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of preparing for a thoracentesis procedure, the correct answer is B) Obtain the supplies that will be used. This is the first step the nurse should take before assisting the physician with the procedure. Obtaining the supplies ensures that everything needed for the thoracentesis is readily available, promoting efficiency and patient safety. Option A) Verify breath sounds in all fields, although important in respiratory assessment, is not the immediate priority when preparing for a thoracentesis. This step can be done after the supplies are gathered. Option C) Sending labeled specimen containers to the lab is a step that occurs after the thoracentesis procedure is completed, not before. Option D) Directing family members to the waiting room is important for maintaining patient privacy during the procedure, but it is not the first step in preparing for the thoracentesis. In an educational context, understanding the sequential steps involved in a procedure like thoracentesis is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective patient care. By prioritizing tasks and following a systematic approach, healthcare professionals can ensure that procedures are conducted smoothly and with attention to detail.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Inspired air has O2 partial pressure of 156 mm Hg. 2. In alveoli, O2 is exchanged with CO2. 3. CO2 partial pressure in alveoli is lower than in inspired air. 4. Therefore, CO2 partial pressure in inspired air must be much lower. 5. Choice A (0.3 mm Hg) is the only option significantly lower than O2 pressure, making it the correct answer. Summary: - Choice A is correct as it reflects the lower CO2 partial pressure compared to O2. - Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not show a significant difference in partial pressure compared to O2.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Erythrocytes. 2,3 DPG is a molecule found inside red blood cells (erythrocytes) that helps in regulating the oxygen binding capacity of hemoglobin. It competes for oxygen binding sites and helps in the release of oxygen to tissues. Choice A (Blood Plasma) is incorrect because 2,3 DPG is not found freely circulating in the blood plasma. Choice C (Leucocytes) is incorrect as 2,3 DPG is not primarily found in white blood cells. Choice D (Blood of lungs) is incorrect as 2,3 DPG is mainly located within red blood cells and not in the blood present in the lungs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rectal respiration in insects involves the exchange of gases through the anus. The correct answer is C, Niads of Dragonfly, as they have specialized structures called rectal gills for respiration. Cockroach (A), Spider (B), and Water flea (D) do not possess rectal gills or exhibit rectal respiration. Cockroaches have spiracles for respiration, spiders have book lungs or tracheal systems, and water fleas have gills located elsewhere on their bodies. Thus, only Niads of Dragonfly demonstrate rectal respiration, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Infection. The greenish color and large quantity of sputum suggest an infection in the lungs, typically caused by bacteria. Greenish sputum is often a sign of bacterial pneumonia. Fever and cough are common symptoms of a lung infection, along with increased sputum production. Pneumothorax (A) is characterized by a collapsed lung and does not typically present with greenish sputum. Lung tumors (B) may cause cough and sputum production, but the color of the sputum is not specific to tumors. Pulmonary edema (D) is a condition where fluid accumulates in the lungs, leading to shortness of breath and pink, frothy sputum, not greenish sputum.