The nurse is preparing material about the neurological system as part of a major presentation. What should the nurse include that explains the purpose of white matter?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: White matter consists of myelinated nerve tracts that carry sensory or motor impulses within the central nervous system. It does not contain white blood cells, protect spinal nerves, or regulate movement directly. Understanding the function of white matter is crucial for explaining how information is transmitted in the nervous system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The neuron is the basic unit of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting information through electrical and chemical signals. Glial cells support neurons, meninges are protective layers around the brain and spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid cushions the central nervous system. Understanding the neuron's role is fundamental to studying nervous system function.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is the master control center for homeostasis as it regulates various bodily functions through the autonomic and endocrine systems. It plays a crucial role in maintaining body temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep, and hormone regulation. The thalamus (B) is responsible for sensory relay, the amygdala (C) is involved in emotion processing, and the cerebral cortex (D) is responsible for higher cognitive functions. Therefore, the hypothalamus is the correct choice for controlling homeostasis in the body.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: the brain and spinal column. The central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord, which are responsible for processing and transmitting information throughout the body. The brain controls cognitive functions and coordinates movement, while the spinal cord serves as a pathway for nerve signals. Explanation: 1. The brain is the primary organ for processing information and controlling bodily functions. 2. The spinal cord acts as a conduit for nerve signals to travel between the brain and the rest of the body. 3. Together, the brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system, playing a crucial role in overall body function. Summary of other choices: A: Sensory organs and muscles do not constitute the central nervous system. Sensory organs detect stimuli, while muscles are part of the peripheral nervous system. B: The brain and muscles are not the only components of the central nervous system. The spinal cord is also a crucial part. C: While the sensory organs and spinal cord are components of the nervous system

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: tsetse fly. Tsetse flies are the biological vectors for African sleeping sickness, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma brucei. Tsetse flies transmit the parasite through their bite, leading to the infection in humans. Mosquitoes (choice A), deer ticks (choice C), and sand flies (choice D) are vectors for other diseases such as malaria, Lyme disease, and leishmaniasis, respectively. Therefore, they are not associated with the transmission of African sleeping sickness.