ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing an airborne infection isolation room for a patient. Which communicable disease does the patient likely have?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Varicella (chickenpox) for several reasons. Varicella is a highly contagious disease that spreads through the airborne route, making airborne isolation necessary to prevent transmission. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets, which can remain suspended in the air and be inhaled by others. Option B) Pertussis (whooping cough) is transmitted through respiratory droplets but typically requires droplet precautions, not airborne precautions. Option C) Influenza is also spread through respiratory droplets and requires droplet precautions, not airborne precautions. Option D) Scarlet fever is usually caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria and is spread through respiratory droplets, hence requiring droplet precautions as well. Educationally, understanding the modes of transmission and appropriate isolation precautions for different communicable diseases is crucial for a nurse caring for pediatric patients. By knowing which diseases require airborne precautions, the nurse can effectively prevent the spread of infections and protect both patients and healthcare workers.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine. Which is a contraindication associated with administering this vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) The child has a disorder that causes a deficient immune system. This is a contraindication for administering the measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine because individuals with compromised immune systems may not be able to mount an effective immune response to the vaccine, putting them at risk for potential vaccine-related complications. Option A) The child has recently been exposed to an infectious disease is incorrect because exposure to infectious diseases is not a contraindication for administering the MMRV vaccine. In fact, vaccination in such cases may be beneficial to prevent the development of the diseases. Option B) The child has symptoms of a cold but no fever is incorrect as having a cold without fever is not a contraindication for the vaccine. Mild illnesses like a cold typically do not interfere with vaccine administration. Option C) The child is having intermittent episodes of diarrhea is incorrect because diarrhea is not a contraindication for the MMRV vaccine. As long as the child does not have a high fever or severe illness, diarrhea alone would not prevent vaccine administration. In an educational context, understanding contraindications for vaccines is crucial for nurses caring for children as it ensures safe and effective vaccination practices. Nurses must be able to assess a child's health status accurately to determine when vaccines should be delayed or contraindicated to prevent adverse reactions and ensure optimal protection.
Question 3 of 5
The clinic nurse is instructing parents about caring for a toddler with ascariasis (common roundworm). Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B: "We know that roundworm can be transmitted from person to person." This statement indicates a need for further teaching because ascariasis, caused by roundworm, is not transmitted directly from person to person. It is typically contracted by ingesting the eggs in contaminated soil. Therefore, educating the parents on the correct mode of transmission is crucial to prevent misconceptions and ensure proper preventive measures are followed. Option A is correct because washing hands frequently, especially after diaper changes, is an important preventive measure to reduce the spread of ascariasis. Option C is also correct as continuing nitazoxanide orally for 3 days is a common treatment regimen for ascariasis. Option D is correct as bringing a stool sample to the clinic for examination in 2 weeks is necessary to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and ensure the elimination of the parasite. In an educational context, it is important to emphasize accurate information to parents regarding the transmission, treatment, and preventive measures for ascariasis. Providing clear and detailed instructions will help parents effectively care for their toddler and prevent the recurrence of the infection. Understanding these key concepts will empower parents to take the necessary steps to promote their child's health and well-being.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms. Which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In assessing a child suspected of having pinworms, the most common symptom the nurse expects to find is intense perianal itching (Option D). This itching is caused by the presence of pinworms in the perianal area and is a hallmark sign of pinworm infestation. Children often experience discomfort and irritation due to the movement of the worms in this area, leading to the urge to scratch. Restlessness (Option A) and distractibility (Option B) are non-specific symptoms that can be seen in various childhood conditions. While a child with pinworms may potentially feel restless due to discomfort, it is not the most specific or common symptom associated with pinworms. Rectal discharge (Option C) is not a typical symptom of pinworm infestation. Pinworms usually do not cause discharge from the rectum, so this option is not the most expected symptom in a child with suspected pinworms. Educationally, understanding the typical symptoms of common childhood conditions like pinworm infestation is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. Recognizing the specific signs and symptoms of pinworms can lead to early detection, appropriate treatment, and prevention of transmission to others. This knowledge helps nurses provide optimal care and promote the health and well-being of children in their care.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is conducting discharge teaching to an adolescent with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What should the nurse include in the instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, option B, "All are applicable," is the correct answer for the discharge teaching to an adolescent with a MRSA infection. MRSA is a highly contagious bacterium that spreads through direct contact. Therefore, all the mentioned instructions are crucial in preventing the spread of infection. Option A is incorrect because sharing towels and washcloths can contribute to the transmission of MRSA. Option C is incorrect as using bleach for laundering towels and washcloths is specifically recommended to kill MRSA bacteria. Option D is also incorrect as daily baths or showers with an antibacterial soap can help reduce MRSA colonization and prevent infection spread. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide comprehensive discharge instructions to patients and their families to prevent the transmission of infections like MRSA. By explaining the rationale behind each instruction, nurses empower patients to actively participate in their care and reduce the risk of complications and re-infection.