ATI RN
Immune System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient to receive immunosuppressant drugs on an outpatient basis. What is the priority for the nurse to arrange for this patient in the home environment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): Supportive care and comfort measures are the priority for a patient receiving immunosuppressant drugs at home. These medications can weaken the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to infections and complications. Therefore, ensuring that the patient has access to supportive care, such as monitoring for signs of infection, managing side effects, and providing comfort measures, is crucial to promote the patient's well-being and safety at home. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: While having a caregiver skilled in CPR is important for emergencies, it is not the top priority in this situation. B: Adequate nutrition is essential for overall health but is not the priority when preparing a patient for immunosuppressant drugs. D: While having a home care nurse to administer injections may be beneficial, it is not the priority compared to providing supportive care and comfort measures for the patient's well-being at home.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child requiring cyclosporine to prevent rejection. Cyclosporine is given to adults using a dosage of 15 mg/kg. The nurse calculates the child's dosage is 20 mg/kg. What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Calculate correct pediatric dose: Child's weight x 20 mg/kg = X mg 2. Compare X mg to ordered dose: If X mg is within safe range, administer the drug. 3. Administering the drug is crucial for preventing rejection. 4. Holding the dose without confirmation may delay treatment. Summary: - Choice B: Questioning the provider should be done after administering the drug. - Choice C: Incident report is needed only if the incorrect dose has been given. - Choice D: Notifying the supervisor is not necessary if the correct dose is administered.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a young adult woman taking immune modulating medications who has been advised to use barrier contraceptives but she wants to start her family. What information can the nurse provide about these drugs to help this patient with her decision-making?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it encourages open communication between the patient, nurse, and provider to ensure the best possible outcome for both the patient's health and desire to start a family. By discussing the desire to start a family with the provider, the risks associated with immune modulating medications can be assessed, and appropriate steps can be taken to minimize these risks. This approach allows for personalized care and decision-making based on the individual's specific situation. Choice B is incorrect because discontinuing immune modulating drugs without proper guidance can have negative consequences for the patient's health. Choice C is incorrect because while some immune modulating drugs may have teratogenic effects, not all drugs in this class are equally harmful. Choice D is incorrect as it presents a limited view that pregnancy is not an option without considering individual circumstances and medical advice.
Question 4 of 5
During routine prenatal testing, a patient is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus infection. To help prevent perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus to the fetus, what is the nurse's best action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Provide written and oral education about the use of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. This is the best action because antiretroviral therapy has been proven to significantly reduce the risk of perinatal transmission of HIV. By educating the patient about the importance and benefits of adhering to antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy, the nurse can help protect the fetus from contracting HIV. A: Providing contact information for an AIDS support group may be helpful, but it does not directly address preventing perinatal transmission. B: Educating the patient about the risks is important, but it is crucial to also provide actionable steps like antiretroviral therapy. C: Notifying the CDC is not within the nurse's scope of practice and may not directly benefit the patient in preventing perinatal transmission.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse advises human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients about blood draws to obtain a CD4+ count. What is the correct information to give them about when and how this laboratory blood work should be done?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: At the same laboratory at approximately the same time of day whenever possible. This is important for accurate comparison of CD4+ counts over time. Different labs or varying times can lead to inconsistent results. Choice B is incorrect as fasting is not necessary for CD4+ count testing. Choice C is incorrect because CD4+ count testing should be done before taking antiretroviral medications. Choice D is incorrect as consistency in time and lab location is crucial for reliable CD4+ count monitoring.