ATI RN
Review of Systems Neurological Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient for an electroencephalogram (EEG). What information should be given to the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
What is the term for a reflex that does not include a CNS component?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: short reflex. Short reflexes are reflex actions that do not involve the central nervous system (CNS) and occur entirely at the level of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These reflexes are mediated by local circuits within the enteric nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract, allowing for rapid responses to stimuli without needing to involve the brain or spinal cord. A: long reflex - This term refers to reflexes that involve the CNS and typically have a more complex pathway than short reflexes. B: visceral reflex - This term describes reflexes involving internal organs and can involve both the CNS and PNS components. C: somatic reflex - This term refers to reflexes involving skeletal muscles and is generally mediated by the CNS.
Question 3 of 5
What is the outermost membrane surrounding the brain called?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, dura mater. The dura mater is the outermost membrane surrounding the brain, providing a tough protective layer. Pia mater (A) is the innermost layer, while arachnoid mater (B) is the middle layer. Choice D, alma mater, is a term referring to one's former school or college and is not related to brain anatomy. In summary, dura mater is the correct answer as it is the outermost protective membrane surrounding the brain, while the other choices refer to inner layers or are unrelated terms.
Question 4 of 5
Which of these diseases results in meningitis caused by an encapsulated yeast?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: cryptococcosis. The encapsulated yeast causing meningitis in this disease is Cryptococcus neoformans. This yeast has a unique capsule that allows it to evade the host immune system, leading to meningitis. Histoplasmosis (B) is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, which is not encapsulated. Candidiasis (C) is caused by Candida species, which are not encapsulated yeasts. Coccidiomycosis (D) is caused by Coccidioides species, which are dimorphic fungi and not encapsulated yeasts.
Question 5 of 5
A 30-year-old woman tells the nurse that she has been very unsteady and has had difficulty in maintaining her balance. Which area of the brain that is related to these findings would concern the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cerebellum. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. Damage to the cerebellum can result in symptoms like unsteadiness and difficulty maintaining balance. The thalamus (A) is involved in relaying sensory and motor signals but is not directly related to balance. The brainstem (B) plays a role in basic life functions like breathing and heart rate, not balance. The extrapyramidal tract (D) is involved in regulating motor activities but is not primarily responsible for balance control.