The nurse is planning an initial therapy session with a 20-year-old patient whose parents had alcoholism. The nurse anticipates that the patient would most likely exhibit symptoms of which of the following?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Low self-concept. Due to the patient's family history of alcoholism, they may have experienced emotional neglect or instability, leading to low self-esteem and self-concept issues. This can manifest in various ways, such as seeking validation from others or struggling with self-worth. Delusions (A) and paranoid delusions (B) are not directly associated with a family history of alcoholism. Extroversion (D) is a personality trait and not necessarily linked to the patient's family background.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The goal for the orientation phase is to establish trust. This is crucial for building a strong nurse-client relationship. Trust forms the foundation for effective communication and collaboration. By establishing trust, the nurse can create a safe and supportive environment for the client to open up and engage in the therapeutic process. Exploring self-perceptions (choice A) is typically done in the working phase, not the orientation phase. Promoting change (choice C) and evaluating goal attainment (choice D) are also more relevant to the later phases of the relationship when interventions and outcomes are being assessed. Therefore, the correct answer is B as it aligns with the primary focus of the orientation phase.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Left lateral. Placing the client in a left lateral position helps optimize cardiac output by improving venous return to the heart, reducing pressure on the vena cava, and enhancing blood flow to the placenta. This position also minimizes the risk of supine hypotensive syndrome, which can occur when lying flat on the back and compressing the vena cava. Choices A (The chest) and B (Standing) are incorrect as they do not facilitate optimal venous return and may increase cardiac workload. Choice C (Supine) is incorrect as it can lead to decreased cardiac output and potentially compromise fetal oxygenation due to vena cava compression.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Join a day program clubhouse. This option is the most appropriate as it offers Isadora socialization, structured activities, and support, which can help her overcome isolation and improve her mental well-being. Looking for a job (A) may be too overwhelming for Isadora at this point. Assisting in the kitchen (C) may not address her socialization needs. Taking on a roommate (D) could potentially increase Isadora's stress levels instead of addressing her social isolation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: exercising thirty minutes three to five days per week. This choice aligns with established guidelines recommending at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, which breaks down to 30 minutes for 3-5 days. Choice A exceeds the recommended time, C falls slightly below it, and D suggests daily exercise, which may not allow for sufficient rest and recovery. Maria's understanding of the optimal exercise routine for mental health wellness is demonstrated by choosing option B.