ATI RN
Vital Signs Assessment ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is performing an otoscopic examination on an adult. Which of these actions is correct?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is pulling the pinna up and back before inserting the speculum. This helps straighten the ear canal for better visualization. Tilting the head forward (A) does not aid in the examination. Releasing traction (B) can cause the speculum to move out of place. Using the smallest speculum (D) may not provide adequate visualization.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient with a history of intravenous drug abuse. In assessing his mouth, the nurse notices a dark red confluent macule on the hard palate. This could be an early sign of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The dark red confluent macule on the hard palate is known as Kaposi sarcoma, a common manifestation of AIDS. This lesion can be the first visible sign of AIDS in patients with a history of intravenous drug abuse. It is important for the nurse to recognize this early sign to facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment. Measles (choice B) typically presents with a widespread rash, not a localized lesion on the hard palate. Leukemia (choice C) may present with oral manifestations, but a dark red macule on the hard palate is not a typical finding. Carcinoma (choice D) refers to cancer, which may present differently in the oral cavity compared to Kaposi sarcoma.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the technique of palpating for tactile fremitus with a new graduate. Which statement by the graduate nurse reflects a correct understanding of tactile fremitus? 'Tactile fremitus:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct understanding of tactile fremitus is that it is caused by sounds generated from the larynx and transmitted through the bronchopulmonary system to the chest wall. This vibration is felt by the hand during palpation. Moisture in the alveoli (choice A) does not cause tactile fremitus. Air in the subcutaneous tissues (choice B) does not relate to tactile fremitus. Blood flow through the pulmonary arteries (choice D) is not associated with tactile fremitus. The correct answer, choice C, is supported by the fact that tactile fremitus is a physical sensation felt by the hands due to the transmission of sound through the chest wall.
Question 4 of 5
A 35-year-old recent immigrant is being seen in the clinic for complaints of a cough that is associated with rust-colored sputum, low-grade afternoon fevers, and night sweats for the past 2 months. The nurse's preliminary analysis, based on this history, is that this patient may be suffering from:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tuberculosis. The key clues in the patient's history are rust-colored sputum, low-grade fevers, and night sweats, which are classic symptoms of tuberculosis. Rust-colored sputum is indicative of blood in the sputum, a common finding in pulmonary tuberculosis. Low-grade fevers and night sweats are also typical symptoms of tuberculosis due to the body's immune response to the infection. Bronchitis (A) typically presents with cough and mucus production without the specific symptoms described. Pneumonia (B) can present with productive cough and fever, but rust-colored sputum and night sweats are less common. Pulmonary edema (D) usually presents with symptoms like shortness of breath and pink frothy sputum, not rust-colored sputum and night sweats.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is newly diagnosed with benign breast disease. The nurse recognizes which statement about benign breast disease to be true? The presence of benign breast disease:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Benign breast disease can make breasts feel lumpy or tender, which can make it harder to perform breast exams. This is due to the presence of noncancerous changes in breast tissue. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because benign breast disease does not frequently turn into cancer, is not easily reduced with hormone replacement therapy, and can be diagnosed at any age, not just before childbearing age.