The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client. What assessment data would indicate a potential complication associated with the skin of this client?

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basic geriatric nursing test bank Questions

Question 1 of 9

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client. What assessment data would indicate a potential complication associated with the skin of this client?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crusting. In older adults, crusting on the skin can indicate a potential complication such as infection, dermatitis, or impaired wound healing. Crusting may result from dryness, scratching, or poor circulation. It is essential for the nurse to assess and address the underlying cause promptly to prevent further complications. B: Wrinkling is a normal part of aging and not necessarily indicative of a complication unless it is severe and associated with other symptoms. C: Thinning/loss of elasticity of skin is a common age-related change and may not always indicate a complication unless it is excessive. D: Crusting is a duplicate answer.

Question 2 of 9

The nurse is providing instructions to a nursing assistant regarding care of an older client with hearing loss. The nurse tells the assistant that clients with a hearing loss:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because clients with hearing loss typically have difficulty hearing high-pitched tones, making it easier for them to respond to low-pitched tones. Low-pitched tones are easier for individuals with hearing loss to perceive due to the nature of hearing loss affecting the ability to hear higher frequencies. Choice B is incorrect as it is a generalization that does not consider the specific nature of hearing loss. Choice C is incorrect because individuals with hearing loss may require various forms of assistance beyond just lip-reading. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with hearing loss generally struggle more with high-pitched tones.

Question 3 of 9

What is the most significant predictor of social isolation in older adults?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Loss of a spouse or close family member. This is the most significant predictor of social isolation in older adults because losing a spouse or close family member can result in decreased social interactions and emotional support. This loss can lead to feelings of loneliness and isolation. Incorrect options: A: Lack of access to healthcare - While lack of access to healthcare can impact overall health, it is not the primary factor contributing to social isolation. B: Limited income and resources - Financial constraints can affect social activities, but they are not as impactful as losing a loved one. D: High levels of physical activity - While physical activity is important for overall well-being, it is not directly correlated with social isolation in older adults.

Question 4 of 9

In differentiating between health and wellness in health care, which of the following statements is true?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because health refers to a state of physical, mental, and social well-being, encompassing attitudes and behaviors. Choice B is incorrect as previous generations did consider illness prevention. Choice C is incorrect as wellness and self-actualization can also be influenced by genetics and environment. Choice D is incorrect as wellness can still be achieved through various aspects even if one's health is compromised.

Question 5 of 9

The microvascular changes that occur as a result of uncontrolled diabetes include all of the following except___:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: cerebral vascular disease. Microvascular changes in diabetes mainly affect small blood vessels in organs like the eyes (retinopathy), kidneys (nephropathy), and nerves (neuropathy). Cerebral vascular disease involves larger blood vessels in the brain, not typically considered a result of microvascular changes in diabetes. Retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy are well-documented complications of uncontrolled diabetes due to damage to small blood vessels in these specific organs.

Question 6 of 9

Which condition is often misdiagnosed as depression in older adults?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dementia. Older adults often experience cognitive decline, memory loss, and behavioral changes that can be mistaken for symptoms of depression. Dementia is a common condition in the elderly that can be misdiagnosed due to overlapping symptoms such as apathy, social withdrawal, and changes in sleep patterns. Chronic fatigue syndrome (A), anemia (C), and sleep apnea (D) may also present with symptoms of fatigue and sleep disturbances, but they are less likely to be confused with depression in older adults compared to dementia.

Question 7 of 9

Which action should the nurse take when addressing older adults?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Speak clearly. This is important when addressing older adults as many may have hearing impairments. Speaking clearly helps ensure they can understand and follow instructions. Using an exaggerated pitch (A) may come across as patronizing. Using a lower quality of speech (B) can be perceived as disrespectful. Using endearing terms (C) may not be appropriate for all individuals and can be seen as condescending. In summary, speaking clearly is the most effective way to communicate respectfully with older adults.

Question 8 of 9

The nurse is assessing an older adult from a different culture using the explanatory model. Which question(s) should the nurse ask? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: B, E, F

Rationale: The correct answers are B, E, and F. B is correct because understanding what treatment can improve the condition is essential for culturally sensitive care. E is correct as it helps understand the patient's beliefs about the cause of the illness. F is correct to assess the impact of the illness on the patient's life. A is incorrect as it focuses more on negotiation rather than understanding the patient's perspective. C is incorrect as it assumes the nurse's plan is superior without considering the patient's beliefs. D is incorrect as it only focuses on the duration of the problem rather than the patient's explanatory model.

Question 9 of 9

In the care of older adults, how does the concept of "multimorbidity" complicate the treatment of chronic conditions?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because multimorbidity refers to the presence of multiple chronic conditions in an individual, which can complicate treatment due to interactions between medications, conflicting treatment recommendations, and the need for coordination among different healthcare providers. Managing multiple health conditions and medications can lead to potential adverse effects, drug interactions, and difficulties in prioritizing treatment goals. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because multimorbidity actually increases treatment complexity, necessitating individualized care plans and careful consideration of potential interactions between treatments.

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