ATI RN
Pharmacology Practice Exam A ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is performing a health history on a patient who is ordered to begin therapy with valproic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valproic acid is metabolized in the liver, and patients with liver disease may have impaired liver function, which can lead to reduced metabolism of the drug and potential toxicity. Therefore, a patient with a history of liver disease starting therapy with valproic acid would be a cause for concern for the nurse. Monitoring of liver function tests would be crucial in this patient population to ensure the medication is being safely metabolized.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing a patient's laboratory test results and current medications and notes that the patient's prothrombin time is prolonged. The nurse checks the patient's medication list. What vitamin or mineral might be contributing to this?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin E can interfere with vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, leading to prolonged prothrombin time and increased bleeding risk. Vitamin A (A), selenium (B), and vitamin D (C) do not typically affect coagulation. The nurse should assess for excessive vitamin E supplementation or dietary intake.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is undergoing major surgery and asks the nurse about a living will. He states, 'I don't want anybody making decisions for me. And I don't want to prolong my life.' The patient is demonstrating
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to make informed decisions about their own healthcare. By expressing a desire to avoid life-prolonging measures and requesting a living will, the patient is exercising his autonomy. Beneficence involves acting in the patient's best interest, justice refers to fairness in healthcare, and veracity involves truth-telling. The patient's statements align most closely with the principle of autonomy, as he is asserting his right to control his medical care.
Question 4 of 5
Dr. Smith orders a gram of human salt poor albumin product for a patient. The product is available in a 50-milliliter vial with a concentration of 25 percent. What dosage will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A 25 percent albumin solution contains 25 grams of albumin per 100 milliliters. To administer 1 gram of albumin, the nurse would calculate the volume as follows: 1 gram ÷ 25 grams/100 milliliters = 4 milliliters. Therefore, the nurse will administer 4 milliliters of the 25 percent albumin solution to deliver the ordered dose of 1 gram. Using the entire vial or not using the product at all would be incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
The following is suitable for treatment of acute dystonia as a result of metoclopramide treatment:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metoclopramide, a D2 antagonist, causes acute dystonia (e.g., oculogyric crisis). Procyclidine, an anticholinergic, rapidly reverses this IV, relaxing muscles, a suitable treatment. Benzhexol (trihexyphenidyl) works orally but is slower. Levodopa and bromocriptine, dopamine agonists, treat Parkinson's, not dystonia from dopamine blockade. Risperidone worsens it. IV procyclidine's speed is critical in acute settings, restoring normal movement effectively.