ATI RN
Concept of Family Health Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is participating in the planning of care for a patient who has HIV. Which therapeutic action should the nurse recognize as the treatment goal for HIV?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Keeping the virus from replicating. The primary treatment goal for HIV is to maintain an undetectable viral load by inhibiting viral replication through antiretroviral therapy. This helps to prevent progression to AIDS and reduces the risk of transmission. A: Stimulating the immune system is not the primary goal as HIV specifically targets and weakens the immune system. B: Treating opportunistic infections is important but not the primary goal; it's a consequence of HIV-related immune suppression. C: Killing the virus with medication is not entirely possible due to HIV's ability to integrate into host DNA; the focus is on viral suppression to prevent replication.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is contributing to a teaching plan. What information should the nurse include that identifies the methods in which HIV can be transmitted? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: HIV is primarily transmitted through body fluids containing high concentrations of the virus, such as semen. Step 2: Semen contains a high viral load, making it a common mode of HIV transmission. Step 3: Other body fluids like urine, sweat, and saliva do not typically contain high enough levels of the virus to transmit HIV. Step 4: Therefore, option D (Semen) is correct as it aligns with the established modes of HIV transmission. Summary: Urine, sweat, and saliva do not pose a significant risk for HIV transmission due to their low viral load. Semen, on the other hand, contains high concentrations of the virus, making it a primary mode of transmission.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with AIDS is planning a trip to Mexico. What teaching should the nurse provide to this patient to prevent the development of an opportunistic infection? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use beach towels. Using beach towels can help prevent skin infections caused by exposure to contaminated surfaces. Walking barefoot (B) can increase the risk of skin infections. Eating raw fruits or vegetables (C) is not directly related to preventing opportunistic infections in this scenario. Cleaning bathroom supplies with bleach (D) is important for general hygiene but not specific to preventing opportunistic infections.
Question 4 of 5
A patient admitted yesterday for injuries sustained in a fall while intoxicated believes bugs are crawling on the bed. The patient is anxious, agitated, and diaphoretic. What is the priority nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risk for injury. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because the patient's current state of agitation and anxiety, coupled with the belief of bugs crawling on the bed, poses an immediate risk for self-injury. The patient's altered mental status and intoxication increase the likelihood of accidental harm. Explanation for other choices: A: Ineffective airway clearance - While this is always a critical concern, the patient's current presentation does not indicate any immediate threat to the airway. B: Ineffective coping - While the patient may be experiencing distress, the primary focus should be on addressing the risk of injury given the patient's altered mental status. C: Ineffective denial - While the patient may be experiencing hallucinations, the primary concern is the risk of injury rather than the patient's denial of the situation.
Question 5 of 5
A patient admitted to an alcoholism rehabilitation program says, 'I’m just a social drinker. I usually have a drink or two at brunch, a few cocktails in the afternoon, wine at dinner, and several drinks during the evening.' Which defense mechanism is evident?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Denial. The patient's statement reflects denial as they are minimizing their alcohol consumption by categorizing it as normal social drinking. Denial is a defense mechanism where a person refuses to acknowledge a reality or truth to protect themselves from anxiety or discomfort. In this scenario, the patient is not accepting the reality of their excessive drinking habits. Explanation for other choices: A: Rationalization - This defense mechanism involves justifying behavior with logical reasoning. The patient is not providing logical reasoning for their drinking habits. B: Introjection - This defense mechanism involves internalizing external beliefs or values. The patient's statement does not indicate internalizing external beliefs. C: Projection - This defense mechanism involves attributing one's unacceptable thoughts or emotions to others. The patient is not projecting their drinking habits onto others.