The nurse is observing a client receiving antiplatelet therapy for adverse reactions. Antiplatelet drugs most commonly produce which hypersensitivity reaction?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bronchospasm. Antiplatelet drugs commonly cause hypersensitivity reactions like bronchospasm due to their effects on platelet function. They can trigger an allergic response leading to bronchoconstriction. Difficulty hearing (A) is not a common hypersensitivity reaction to antiplatelet therapy. Confusion (B) is more commonly associated with central nervous system effects rather than hypersensitivity reactions. Agranulocytosis (D) is a severe drop in white blood cells and is not typically a hypersensitivity reaction to antiplatelet drugs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Most AIDS patients with multiple opportunistic infections die due to a weakened immune system impairing response to therapy. When the immune system is compromised, the body struggles to fight off infections effectively, even with treatment. This results in the infections becoming more severe and ultimately leading to death. Summary of Other Choices: B: Weakened immune system impairs resistance to infection - While this is true, it doesn’t directly address the cause of death in AIDS patients with multiple infections. C: Infection cannot be treated effectively - This is not entirely accurate as infections can be treated, but the weakened immune system hinders the response to treatment. Overall, Choice A is the most accurate as it directly links the weakened immune system to the inability to respond effectively to therapy, leading to fatal outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because compromised nutrition can lead to deficiencies in essential nutrients required for the production of blood cells and hemoglobin. Iron, vitamins, and minerals obtained from food are crucial for erythropoiesis and maintaining a healthy immune system. Without these nutrients, the body may struggle to produce an adequate amount of healthy red blood cells, leading to anemia and compromised immune function. Choice B is incorrect because excessive fat in the diet is not directly linked to interfering with the production of blood cells and hemoglobin. Choice C is incorrect as inconsistent dieting may affect overall health but is not specifically related to hematopoiesis. Choice D is incorrect because while iron and protein are important for blood cell production, excessive amounts of these elements are unlikely to interfere with the production of blood cells and hemoglobin.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypovolemia and shock. Rationale: 1. Low blood volume leads to decreased blood pressure and rapid heart rate as compensatory mechanisms. 2. These signs indicate inadequate perfusion due to reduced blood volume. 3. Hypovolemia can progress to shock if not addressed promptly. Summary: A: Compression of blood vessels is not directly related to low blood volume. B: Increasing circulating blood volume would not occur in a client with low blood volume. C: Inadequate renal perfusion is a consequence of hypovolemia, not an implication of decreasing blood pressure and rapid heart rate.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Collect his urine for 12 hours. This instruction is given because the Schilling test involves collecting urine over a specific time period to measure the absorption of vitamin B12. A is incorrect because fasting is not necessary. C is incorrect as enema is not required. D is incorrect as emptying the bladder is not part of the test procedure.