The nurse is monitoring for adverse effects in a patient who is receiving an amiodarone

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Tachycardia. Amiodarone is a medication used to treat irregular heartbeats, so monitoring for adverse effects such as tachycardia is crucial as it can indicate an exacerbation of the patient's condition. Option A) is incorrect because it is a general instruction to select all that apply, and not a specific adverse effect of amiodarone. Option C) Constipation and Option D) Chest pain are incorrect as they are not commonly associated adverse effects of amiodarone. Educationally, understanding the common adverse effects of medications is essential for nurses to provide safe and effective care to their patients. This question reinforces the importance of pharmacological knowledge, critical thinking, and monitoring for adverse effects when administering medications like amiodarone that can have significant impacts on patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nausea is one of the early manifestations of lithium toxicity. It is important to monitor for this symptom in patients taking lithium to detect toxicity early and prevent more serious complications. Hypotension and renal failure are more severe manifestations of lithium toxicity that occur at later stages. Muscle weakness is not typically associated with early lithium toxicity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Protamine is the antidote for Heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that prevents the formation of blood clots. In case of an overdose of Heparin or if there is a need to reverse its effects quickly (such as during surgery), Protamine is administered as the specific antidote. Protamine works by binding to Heparin and neutralizing its anticoagulant effects. Therefore, Protamine is the appropriate antidote to counteract the effects of Heparin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An agonist is a substance that binds to a receptor and triggers a biological response. By activating the receptor, an agonist mimics the action of the body's natural ligand that typically binds to the receptor. This activation may lead to a cascade of events within the cell, resulting in a specific physiological response. In contrast, antagonists block the receptor from being activated, while agonists work by binding to the receptor and initiating the desired response.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ondansetron is a medication commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting, particularly in patients receiving chemotherapy or undergoing surgery. Its mechanism of action involves blocking the effects of serotonin, specifically by antagonizing serotonin 5-HT3 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the brain and the gastrointestinal tract. By inhibiting serotonin signaling, ondansetron helps to alleviate nausea and vomiting in affected individuals. This action is distinct from the other options provided, making option C the correct answer for the drug Ondansetron.