The nurse is monitoring a client with suspected placental abruption. What is a key assessment finding?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, understanding key assessment findings in obstetric emergencies like placental abruption is crucial for safe and effective nursing care. The correct answer, option B - hard, rigid abdomen with severe pain, is a key assessment finding in placental abruption due to the abrupt separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, leading to significant maternal and fetal risks. This finding indicates internal bleeding, resulting in a tense, painful abdomen due to blood accumulation. Immediate recognition of this sign is vital to prevent maternal shock and fetal distress. Option A - painless vaginal bleeding, is incorrect because placental abruption typically presents with painful bleeding. Painless vaginal bleeding is more commonly associated with conditions like placenta previa. Option C - clear amniotic fluid, is incorrect as it does not specifically relate to the assessment finding in placental abruption. Clear amniotic fluid is indicative of intact fetal membranes, not a placental emergency. Option D - regular uterine contractions, is incorrect as placental abruption is more commonly associated with hypertonic, non-reassuring contractions or even uterine tetany rather than regular contractions. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of thorough assessment skills in recognizing critical signs of obstetric emergencies like placental abruption. Nurses must be able to differentiate between various clinical presentations to provide timely and appropriate interventions, emphasizing the significance of continuous monitoring and prompt action in maternal and fetal well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The best sites for applying the contraceptive patch are the buttocks, arm, and leg. These areas have sufficient fat and are away from areas that might rub off the patch. Choice B (Neck) is incorrect as the neck is not recommended for patch application due to the potential for irritation and the high blood flow area. Choice C (Breast) is not recommended because the breast tissue may affect the adhesion of the patch.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Diarrhea can reduce the absorption of oral contraceptives, potentially making them less effective. Choice A is incorrect because food does not always affect oral contraceptive absorption. Choice C is incorrect because there is no need to stop the contraceptives, but additional methods may be recommended during diarrhea. Choice D is incorrect because diarrhea does not increase the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The advantage of the cervical cap over the diaphragm is that it typically has a lower failure rate in preventing pregnancy. Failure rates for contraceptive methods refer to the percentage of women who become pregnant within the first year of typical use. The cervical cap is generally associated with a lower failure rate compared to the diaphragm due to its snugger fit and ability to cover the cervix more effectively, resulting in better protection against sperm entering the uterus. This makes the cervical cap a more reliable option for women seeking effective contraception.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The important information provided regarding female sterilization is that tubal ligation, which is a form of female sterilization, is generally considered irreversible. This means that it is a permanent method of contraception and should not be relied upon as a temporary solution. It is important for individuals considering this procedure to understand that it is meant to be permanent and should be approached as such. If there is any consideration for future fertility, alternative contraceptive options should be discussed with a healthcare provider.