ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of appendicitis. The client is scheduled for surgery for 2 hours. The client begins to complain of increases abdominal pain and begins to vomit. On assessment the nurse notes that the abdomen distended and bowel sounds are diminished. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Based on the signs and symptoms presented in the question, the nurse should suspect peritonitis and should notify the physician. Administering pain medication is not an appropriate intervention. Heat should never be applied to the abdomen of a client with suspected appendicitis. Scheduling surgical time is not within the scope of nursing practice, although the physician probably would perform the surgery earlier than the prescheduled time.
Question 2 of 5
The client is admitted to the hospital for treatment of acute hepatitis B. Which activity order would the nurse expect to be prescribed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. The correct answer is A) Bedrest. Acute hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver, causing inflammation and damage. Bedrest is essential in the treatment of acute hepatitis B to reduce metabolic demands on the liver, promote healing, and prevent complications. Rest helps to conserve energy, reduce liver workload, and facilitate the body's immune response to fight the infection. 2. Option B) Encourage ambulation is incorrect because excessive physical activity can increase the metabolic demands on the liver, leading to further stress and potential complications. Rest is crucial for the liver to recover and regenerate. 3. Option C) Out of bed in a chair is also incorrect as it involves more physical activity than bedrest and may not provide the necessary rest for the liver to heal efficiently. Prolonged sitting may also increase the risk of complications like deep vein thrombosis. 4. Option D) No activity restrictions is incorrect because patients with acute hepatitis B require activity restrictions, especially during the acute phase of the illness. Engaging in strenuous activities can exacerbate liver inflammation and delay recovery. Educating patients on the importance of rest is vital in managing acute hepatitis B effectively.
Question 3 of 5
The physician orders a Salem sump tube for gastrointestinal intubation. The nurse prepares for the insertion and obtains which of the following items from the supply room?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: 1. The correct answer is B) A tube with a large lumen and an air vent. A Salem sump tube is a type of nasogastric tube designed for gastrointestinal intubation. It has two lumens - one for suctioning gastric contents and the other, the air vent, to prevent the tube from adhering to the gastric mucosa and causing injury during suctioning. 2. Option A) A tube with a single lumen that connects to suction is incorrect because a Salem sump tube requires two lumens for its specific functions - one for suction and the other for the air vent. 3. Option C) A Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is used for controlling esophageal or gastric variceal bleeding, not for routine gastrointestinal intubation. 4. Option D) A Dobbhoff weighted tube is a type of feeding tube used for enteral feeding, not for gastrointestinal intubation like the Salem sump tube. Educational context: Understanding the specific characteristics and purposes of different types of tubes used in gastrointestinal interventions is crucial for nurses in providing safe and effective patient care. Knowing the features of each tube helps in selecting the appropriate device for the prescribed procedure, ensuring patient comfort and safety during tube insertion and maintenance.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse instructs the nursing assistant on how to provide oral hygiene for a client who cannot perform this task for himself. Which of the following techniques should the nurse tell the assistant to incorporate into the client's daily care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. The correct answer is C) Swab the client's tongue, gums, and lips with a soft foam applicator every 2 hours. This technique helps maintain oral hygiene by removing debris and bacteria that can lead to infections, especially in clients who cannot perform oral care themselves. Regular cleaning every 2 hours helps prevent plaque buildup, reduces the risk of oral infections, and promotes overall oral health. 2. Option A) Assess the oral cavity each time mouth care is given and record observations is incorrect because while assessment is important, it does not address the actual oral hygiene maintenance needed for the client. 3. Option B) Using a soft toothbrush to brush the client's teeth after each meal is incorrect because clients who cannot perform oral care themselves may have difficulty tolerating tooth brushing, and brushing after each meal may be too frequent and could potentially cause harm to the gums or oral tissues. 4. Option D) Rinsing the client's mouth with mouthwash several times a day is incorrect because frequent use of mouthwash can disrupt the natural flora of the mouth, leading to imbalances and potential oral health issues. Additionally, rinsing alone may not effectively clean the oral cavity compared to physically swabbing the tongue, gums, and lips. In summary, the key learning point is that for clients who cannot perform oral care themselves, regular swabbing of the tongue, gums, and lips every 2 hours with a soft foam applicator is a more appropriate and effective technique to maintain oral hygiene and prevent complications.
Question 5 of 5
A client with suspected gastric cancer undergoes an endoscopy of the stomach. Which of the following assessments made after the procedure would indicate the development of a potential complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. The correct answer is C) The client experiences a sudden increase in temperature. A sudden increase in temperature post-endoscopy could indicate a potential complication like perforation or infection, which are serious and require immediate medical attention. 2. Option A) The client complains of a sore throat is incorrect because it is a common and expected side effect of endoscopy due to the insertion of the endoscope through the mouth. 3. Option B) The client displays signs of sedation is incorrect as sedation is routinely used during endoscopy procedures to ensure patient comfort and cooperation. 4. Option D) The client demonstrates a lack of appetite is incorrect as it is a non-specific symptom and may not necessarily indicate a complication post-endoscopy. Key Learning Points: - Post-endoscopy complications can include perforation, infection, bleeding, or adverse reactions to sedation. - Monitoring vital signs and assessing for signs of infection or perforation are crucial post-endoscopy. - Educate clients about common post-endoscopy side effects like sore throat and mild discomfort which are usually self-limiting.