ATI RN
Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is meeting with a community group about medication safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Older patients) because elderly individuals tend to have multiple comorbidities and are more likely to be prescribed multiple medications, increasing the risk of drug interactions. Older patients also tend to have age-related physiological changes that can affect drug metabolism. Choice B (Patients with chronic health conditions) is not necessarily always at high risk for drug interactions, as it depends on the specific medications they are taking and their individual health status. Choice C (Patients taking three or more drugs) is not always a high-risk group, as drug interactions can occur even with fewer medications based on the specific drugs being taken and individual patient factors. Choice D (Patients dealing with only one pharmacy) is not directly related to the risk of drug interactions, as the number of pharmacies used by a patient does not necessarily correlate with the risk of drug interactions.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse discovers that a patient has recently decided to take four herbal preparations. Which action will the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Option B is correct because the nurse should prioritize patient safety by ensuring the healthcare provider is informed of all products taken to prevent potential interactions. 2. Option A is incorrect as discussing cost is not the priority when patient safety is at risk. 3. Option C is incorrect as abruptly stopping all herbal products can lead to adverse effects without healthcare provider guidance. 4. Option D is incorrect as tapering off herbal products should also be done under healthcare provider supervision to monitor for any adverse reactions.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse understands the differences between drug excretion in children and that in adults. With this knowledge, what does the nurse consider when administering drugs to children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because children have slower drug excretion compared to adults due to immature renal and hepatic functions. This makes them more vulnerable to drug accumulation and potential toxicity. Therefore, the nurse must prioritize assessing for drug accumulation when administering drugs to children. Choice A is incorrect because not all children need a higher dose of a drug, as dosages are based on weight and age-specific factors. Choice B is incorrect because children may not always excrete drugs rapidly, and the focus should be on potential drug accumulation. Choice D is incorrect because children do not always excrete drugs at the same rate as adults, and assessments are crucial not just to avoid side effects, but also to prevent drug accumulation.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has nine drugs prescribed to take daily. Which are common reasons for nonadherence to the drug regimen in an older adult? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Taking multiple drugs at one time can be overwhelming and lead to nonadherence due to complexity and confusion. Impaired memory can affect remembering to take medications, but not the primary reason. Decreased dexterity can make it challenging to handle medications, but it's not as common of a reason as the complexity of multiple drugs. Increased mobility doesn't directly impact medication adherence. Thus, the correct answer is A.
Question 5 of 5
An older patient has just started on hydrochlorothiazide and is advised by the health care provider to eat foods rich in potassium. What is the nurse’s best recommendation of foods to consume?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: C: Avocados and mushrooms are rich in potassium, which can help counteract the potassium-wasting effects of hydrochlorothiazide. Avocado contains around 485mg of potassium per 100g, and mushrooms have around 396mg per 100g. Both are excellent choices for increasing potassium intake. Summary: A: Cabbage and corn are not as high in potassium compared to avocados and mushrooms. B: Bread and cheese are not significant sources of potassium compared to avocados and mushrooms. D: Brown rice and fish do contain some potassium, but not as much as avocados and mushrooms.