ATI RN
Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is interviewing a patient in a Phase I clinical trial. Which patient statement indicates an understanding of this trial phase?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Phase I clinical trials primarily focus on evaluating the safety of a new drug, not its effectiveness. Patients in Phase I trials are typically healthy volunteers or patients with a specific condition for which the investigational drug is not the standard treatment. Therefore, a patient understanding this trial phase would recognize that the purpose is to determine the safety profile of the drug. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Phase I trials do not specifically aim to establish the drug's efficacy, compare it to existing treatments, or demonstrate a cure. These aspects are typically addressed in later phases of clinical trials.
Question 2 of 5
The patient has questions about counterfeit drugs. Which factors alert the patient or nurse that a drug is counterfeit or adulterated? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Variations in packaging. Counterfeit drugs often have packaging that differs from the authentic product, such as misspelled labels or different colors. This alerts the patient or nurse to the possibility of counterfeit drugs. B: Unexpected side effects are not a reliable indicator of counterfeit drugs since legitimate drugs can also cause unexpected reactions. C: Oral drugs being dissolved through pinocytosis is a normal physiological process and not indicative of counterfeit drugs. D: Privacy of health information is unrelated to identifying counterfeit drugs.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is explaining drug action to a nursing student. Which statement made by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B: A drug not bound to protein is an active drug. Rationale: Protein-bound drugs are inactive as they cannot reach target sites. When unbound, drugs can exert pharmacological effects. This is known as the free drug hypothesis. The statement correctly highlights the importance of drug binding to proteins in affecting drug action. Summary: A: Water-soluble and ionized drugs are slow to be absorbed due to their inability to cross membranes easily. C: Receptors are found on the cell membrane, not under it. This statement is inaccurate. D: Toxic effects are more likely to occur with high trough levels, not low levels.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is meeting with a community group about medication safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Older patients) because elderly individuals tend to have multiple comorbidities and are more likely to be prescribed multiple medications, increasing the risk of drug interactions. Older patients also tend to have age-related physiological changes that can affect drug metabolism. Choice B (Patients with chronic health conditions) is not necessarily always at high risk for drug interactions, as it depends on the specific medications they are taking and their individual health status. Choice C (Patients taking three or more drugs) is not always a high-risk group, as drug interactions can occur even with fewer medications based on the specific drugs being taken and individual patient factors. Choice D (Patients dealing with only one pharmacy) is not directly related to the risk of drug interactions, as the number of pharmacies used by a patient does not necessarily correlate with the risk of drug interactions.
Question 5 of 5
Codeine is an example of a(n) as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Codeine is a prodrug because it is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system into its active form, morphine, which has the desired receptor affinity. This step is essential for codeine to exert its analgesic effects. Agonist (A) directly activates receptors, antagonist (C) blocks receptor activity, and "none" (D) is not applicable in this context.