The nurse is interviewing a client with schizophrenia when the client begins to say, 'Kite, night, right, height, fright.' The nurse documents this as which of the following?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clang association. Clang association is a form of disorganized speech commonly seen in schizophrenia where words are linked together based on sound rather than meaning. In this scenario, the client is stringing together words that rhyme, indicating a pattern based on sound. Stilted language refers to formal, rigid speech lacking natural flow. Verbigeration is the repetition of words or phrases. Neologisms are newly created words. In this case, the client's speech does not fit the definitions of stilted language, verbigeration, or neologisms, making clang association the most appropriate choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because complex somatic symptom disorder typically begins in adolescence. This is important for nursing students to understand as it helps in recognizing the disorder early. Choice A is incorrect as the disorder is more commonly diagnosed in women. Choice C is incorrect because complex somatic symptom disorder is not necessarily associated with substance abuse. Choice D is incorrect as individuals of various educational backgrounds can develop this disorder. Understanding the onset of symptoms in adolescence is crucial for early intervention and appropriate management.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Psychostimulant. Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant commonly used to treat ADHD. It works by increasing the levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps improve focus and attention in individuals with ADHD. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (A) primarily target serotonin levels and are not used to treat ADHD. Noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors (C) target norepinephrine levels but are not the primary mechanism of action for methylphenidate. Alpha agonists (D) work on a different pathway and are not the correct classification for methylphenidate.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Power rapists target victims near their age to exert control. 2. They use minimal physical force and intimidation. 3. This control dynamic is central to the perpetrator's gratification. 4. The focus is on dominance and control, not sadistic pleasure like in A. 5. They do not specifically target very young or elderly victims as in B. 6. While victim injury can occur, it is not a defining characteristic as in C. Summary: Choice D is correct as power rapists target victims near their age and use minimal force for control. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not align with the characteristics of power rapists.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a client with chronic kidney disease and cloudy diasylate outflow may indicate peritonitis, a serious complication requiring immediate assessment and intervention. Cloudy dialysate outflow can be a sign of infection or peritonitis, which can lead to sepsis if not addressed promptly. Assessing this client first allows for early detection and treatment of potential life-threatening complications. Choices A, B, and D do not present immediate life-threatening conditions and can be assessed after ensuring the client with chronic kidney disease is stable.