The nurse is giving intravenous nitroglycerin to a patient who has just been admitted because of an acute myocardial infarction. Which statement is true regarding the administration of the intravenous form of this medication?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Nitroglycerin is light-sensitive and can degrade when exposed to light. PVC plastic can release compounds that can interact with nitroglycerin. Therefore, non-PVC plastic must be used to prevent drug degradation. Step 2: Using non-PVC bags and tubing ensures the drug's stability and efficacy during administration, reducing the risk of adverse effects. Step 3: This requirement is specific to intravenous nitroglycerin administration and is crucial to ensure the patient receives the intended therapeutic benefits without compromising the drug's potency. In summary, choice D is correct because using non-PVC plastic intravenous bags and tubing is essential to maintain the stability and effectiveness of intravenous nitroglycerin. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not address the specific requirement related to the administration of this medication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased activity tolerance. Iron supplements help increase red blood cell production, improving oxygen delivery to tissues and reducing fatigue. Increased activity tolerance is a common therapeutic response to iron supplementation. Decreased weight (A) is not a direct therapeutic response to iron supplementation. Decreased palpitations (C) may improve with increased iron levels, but it is not the primary expected outcome. Increased appetite (D) is not a typical response to iron supplementation and may not be directly related to improved anemia symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Systemic clearance (CLs) is related to the volume of distribution, half-life, and elimination rate constant. CLs represents the efficiency of elimination of a drug from the body and is calculated as the rate of drug elimination divided by the plasma concentration. The volume of distribution influences the initial concentration of the drug in the body, half-life determines the time taken for the drug concentration to decrease by half, and the elimination rate constant reflects the rate at which the drug is removed from the body. Therefore, these parameters directly impact systemic clearance. Choices A, B, and D do not encompass all the essential factors that contribute to systemic clearance, making them incorrect options.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lidocaine. Lidocaine is an acetanilide derivative because it contains an acetanilide group in its chemical structure, making it a member of this specific chemical class of local anesthetics. Tetracaine is an ester derivative, not an acetanilide derivative. Cocaine is a tropane alkaloid derivative. Procaine is an ester derivative, not an acetanilide derivative. Therefore, based on the chemical structure and classification of local anesthetics, lidocaine is the only correct option.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because pilocarpine actually increases secretory and motor activity of the gut. This is due to its parasympathomimetic effects on muscarinic receptors in the gastrointestinal tract. Choices A, B, and D are correct because pilocarpine is indeed a tertiary amine alkaloid, causes miosis and decreases intraocular pressure, and is used in the treatment of glaucoma due to its ability to increase aqueous humor outflow.