ATI RN
Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is explaining drug action to a nursing student. Which statement made by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B: A drug not bound to protein is an active drug. Rationale: Protein-bound drugs are inactive as they cannot reach target sites. When unbound, drugs can exert pharmacological effects. This is known as the free drug hypothesis. The statement correctly highlights the importance of drug binding to proteins in affecting drug action. Summary: A: Water-soluble and ionized drugs are slow to be absorbed due to their inability to cross membranes easily. C: Receptors are found on the cell membrane, not under it. This statement is inaccurate. D: Toxic effects are more likely to occur with high trough levels, not low levels.
Question 2 of 5
Codeine is an example of a(n) as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Codeine is a prodrug because it is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system into its active form, morphine, which has the desired receptor affinity. This step is essential for codeine to exert its analgesic effects. Agonist (A) directly activates receptors, antagonist (C) blocks receptor activity, and "none" (D) is not applicable in this context.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse discovers that a patient has recently decided to take four herbal preparations. Which action will the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Option B is correct because the nurse should prioritize patient safety by ensuring the healthcare provider is informed of all products taken to prevent potential interactions. 2. Option A is incorrect as discussing cost is not the priority when patient safety is at risk. 3. Option C is incorrect as abruptly stopping all herbal products can lead to adverse effects without healthcare provider guidance. 4. Option D is incorrect as tapering off herbal products should also be done under healthcare provider supervision to monitor for any adverse reactions.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse understands the differences between drug excretion in children and that in adults. With this knowledge, what does the nurse consider when administering drugs to children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because children have slower drug excretion compared to adults due to immature renal and hepatic functions. This makes them more vulnerable to drug accumulation and potential toxicity. Therefore, the nurse must prioritize assessing for drug accumulation when administering drugs to children. Choice A is incorrect because not all children need a higher dose of a drug, as dosages are based on weight and age-specific factors. Choice B is incorrect because children may not always excrete drugs rapidly, and the focus should be on potential drug accumulation. Choice D is incorrect because children do not always excrete drugs at the same rate as adults, and assessments are crucial not just to avoid side effects, but also to prevent drug accumulation.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has nine drugs prescribed to take daily. Which are common reasons for nonadherence to the drug regimen in an older adult? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Taking multiple drugs at one time can be overwhelming and lead to nonadherence due to complexity and confusion. Impaired memory can affect remembering to take medications, but not the primary reason. Decreased dexterity can make it challenging to handle medications, but it's not as common of a reason as the complexity of multiple drugs. Increased mobility doesn't directly impact medication adherence. Thus, the correct answer is A.