The nurse is examining the ability of a phenylketonuria (PKU) screening test to distinguish correctly between newborns who have and who do not have the disease. Which of the following measures of accuracy of the instrument is being evaluated?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Validity refers to a test’s ability to correctly distinguish between diseased and nondiseased individuals.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most effective approach to restructuring thought patterns is to first stop generating negative thoughts, then take a deep breath to relax, then think about how the thought process is affecting well-being, and last, select a new realistic thought pattern to replace the negative thought pattern.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: DRIs provide guidelines for populations, offering general guidance rather than specific daily nutrient amounts.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Teenagers are known for risk-taking behaviors like riding an ATV without safety gear.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A behavior change, such as regularly taking medications, is a sign that health education objectives are being met.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should ask the mother directly about the bruises, considering cultural practices like coining, which may cause bruising.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Family assessments enable health promotion, disease prevention, and include family in decision-making.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Generativity involves a sense of productivity and helping others, demonstrated by volunteering.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In Piaget’s formal operational stage, young adults analyze issues objectively before making decisions.