The nurse is examining a school-age child. Which approach is best?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because involving the child in the process and explaining equipment helps build trust, reduces anxiety, and promotes cooperation. This approach empowers the child, respects their autonomy, and facilitates a positive healthcare experience. Choice A is incorrect as rushing the examination may increase the child's anxiety. Choice C is incorrect as having a parent present can provide comfort and support. Choice D is incorrect as the focus should be on the child for effective assessment and communication.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because arm span equaling the patient's height is considered normal. This is known as the ape index, where arm span is equal to height. This finding indicates proportional body development. A is incorrect as a narrow base when standing is abnormal. B is incorrect as appearing older than stated age is abnormal. C is incorrect as arm span greater than height can indicate abnormal growth or a medical condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Circulatory status. A thorough skin assessment is important as the skin provides valuable information on blood flow, oxygenation, and perfusion. Changes in skin color, temperature, and integrity can indicate circulatory issues like poor perfusion or compromised circulation. Understanding the circulatory status is crucial for identifying potential health problems and providing appropriate interventions. The other choices (A, C, D) are incorrect as they do not directly correlate with the primary purpose of a skin assessment, which is to evaluate the health of the circulatory system.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Trichotillomania; her child probably has a habit of absentmindedly twirling her hair. Trichotillomania is a psychological disorder characterized by the urge to pull out one's hair. In this case, the irregularly shaped patches with broken-off, stublike hair suggest hair pulling rather than a medical condition like folliculitis (A), traumatic alopecia (B), or tinea capitis (C). Folliculitis is a bacterial infection of hair follicles, not related to hair pulling. Traumatic alopecia is hair loss due to physical damage, not consistent with the described symptoms. Tinea capitis is a fungal infection causing hair loss and is not typically associated with broken-off, stublike hair. Trichotillomania is the most likely explanation given the presentation of the child's hair condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rubella can damage the infant's organ of Corti, which will impair hearing. Rubella virus can cross the placenta and infect the developing fetus, leading to congenital rubella syndrome. This syndrome can cause damage to various organs including the organ of Corti in the inner ear, leading to hearing impairment. This occurs mainly when the infection happens during the first trimester when the organ systems are developing. Incorrect choices: A: Rubella may affect the mother's hearing but not the infant's - This is incorrect as rubella can indeed affect the infant's hearing through congenital rubella syndrome. C: Rubella is only dangerous to the infant in the second trimester of pregnancy - This is incorrect as rubella can harm the infant's hearing in the first trimester as well. D: Rubella can impair the development of CN VIII and thus affect hearing - While rubella can affect hearing, it primarily does so by damaging the organ of Corti