ATI RN
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is examining 12-month-old Amy, who was brought to the clinic for persistent diaper rash. The nurse finds perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds. What is most likely the cause of the diaper rash?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presentation of perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds is highly suggestive of a Candida albicans (yeast) diaper rash. Yeast diaper rash is characterized by redness, swollenness, and usually involves the skin folds. The warm, moist environment created by a diaper provides an ideal setting for Candida albicans to grow and cause a rash. The presence of satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds further supports the diagnosis of a yeast infection rather than other causes like impetigo, irritation from urine and feces, or infrequent diapering. Treatment for yeast diaper rash typically involves antifungal creams or ointments.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a parent of an infant about treatment of seborrhea dermatitis (cradle cap). Which should the nurse include in the instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should include in the instructions to shampoo every three days with a mild soap. Seborrheic dermatitis, commonly known as cradle cap in infants, is a common condition characterized by greasy, yellowish, scaly patches on the scalp. Mild cases of cradle cap typically do not require aggressive treatment. Using a mild soap and shampooing every few days can help loosen the scales and prevent buildup without causing irritation to the infant's delicate skin. It is important not to shampoo too frequently or use harsh products as this can exacerbate the condition. Additionally, the loosened crusts can be gently massaged and removed after shampooing with a soft brush or cloth, but it is not necessary to use a fine-toothed comb, as this may cause skin irritation.
Question 3 of 5
The mother of a preterm newborn asks the nurse when she can start breastfeeding. The nurse should explain that breastfeeding can be initiated when her newborn:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Breastfeeding can be initiated when the newborn has adequate sucking and swallowing reflexes, which usually develop around 34 to 36 weeks gestational age. It is important for the newborn to have the ability to latch onto the breast and suck effectively in order to receive adequate nutrition and establish a good breastfeeding relationship with the mother. Indicating an interest in breastfeeding is important as well, but having the reflexes necessary for successful breastfeeding is a key factor in determining readiness to begin breastfeeding.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing a parent of a newborn for home phototherapy. Which statement made by the parent would indicate a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct statement should be that the patches need to remain on the baby's eyes at all times during phototherapy. Removing the eye patches can potentially allow harmful light exposure to the eyes, which can lead to complications such as eye damage. It is essential for the parent to understand the importance of keeping the eye patches on to protect the baby's eyes during phototherapy. Therefore, further teaching is needed to emphasize the importance of leaving the eye patches on at all times, even during feedings and caregiving activities.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother is diabetic. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to see?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infants born to mothers with diabetes, especially uncontrolled diabetes, are at risk for hypoglycemia due to exposure to high glucose levels in utero. The infant's pancreas may have been producing high levels of insulin in response to the mother's high blood glucose levels, leading to hypoglycemia after birth. Additionally, these infants are typically smaller for gestational age (SGA) due to the effects of high blood sugar levels on fetal growth. Therefore, the nurse should expect the newborn of a mother with diabetes to exhibit signs of hypoglycemia and be small for gestational age.