ATI RN
Age Specific Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is evaluating a patient with bulimia nervosa. The most appropriate action is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encourage the patient to avoid purging after meals. This is the most appropriate action because it addresses the harmful purging behavior associated with bulimia nervosa. By encouraging the patient to avoid purging, the nurse can help prevent serious health consequences such as electrolyte imbalances and damage to the esophagus. Option A is incorrect because assigning a strict dietary plan may exacerbate the patient's unhealthy relationship with food and contribute to feelings of guilt and shame. Option B is incorrect as monitoring for physical symptoms of starvation may not directly address the underlying issue of purging behavior. Option D is also incorrect as providing emotional support alone may not effectively address the harmful purging behavior.
Question 2 of 5
When analyzing the behaviors of a 23-year-old who meets the criteria for antisocial personality disorder, the nurse recognizes that the following nursing diagnosis would be pertinent to his care:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice C (Impaired social interaction) being the correct answer: 1. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a lack of regard for others and a pattern of violating their rights. 2. Individuals with this disorder often have difficulty forming and maintaining healthy relationships. 3. Impaired social interaction reflects the challenges the individual faces in relating to others. 4. This nursing diagnosis would address the core issue of social dysfunction in individuals with antisocial personality disorder. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A. Risk for self-mutilation - Not typically associated with antisocial personality disorder, more common in other mental health conditions. B. Disturbed personal identity - Not a primary concern in antisocial personality disorder, which is more about behavior than identity. D. Social isolation - While individuals with antisocial personality disorder may isolate themselves, impaired social interaction is a more direct and specific issue to address in their care.
Question 3 of 5
The mother of a 2-year-old tells the nurse at the well-child clinic that her child likes to take a blanket wherever he goes. The mother asks if she should take the blanket away from the child. The nurse counsels the mother to allow the child to have the blanket because it reminds him of his mother and comforts him. The basis for this counseling is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mahler's theory of object relations. Mahler emphasizes the importance of transitional objects like a blanket for young children to provide comfort and security as they develop a sense of self and separation from their primary caregiver. This theory aligns with the situation described, where the child's attachment to the blanket symbolizes the bond with the mother. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: B: Freud's developmental theory focuses on psychosexual stages and the role of unconscious processes, not specifically on transitional objects. C: Kernberg's conceptualization of object constancy pertains to personality disorders and object relations in adult psychotherapy, not child development. D: Sullivan's theory of 'good me' is about interpersonal relationships and self-esteem, not directly related to transitional objects in child development.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with anorexia nervosa is being treated with refeeding. Which complication should the nurse monitor for during this phase?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypophosphatemia and cardiac arrhythmias. During refeeding in anorexia nervosa, there is a risk of rapid shifts in electrolytes, particularly phosphorus, leading to hypophosphatemia which can cause cardiac arrhythmias. This is a critical complication that the nurse should monitor for. Hyperkalemia and hyperglycemia (choice A) are less common in refeeding syndrome. Increased appetite and food cravings (choice C) are expected outcomes of refeeding, not complications. Dehydration and hypotension (choice D) are potential issues but are not specific to refeeding in anorexia nervosa.
Question 5 of 5
Which measure is advisable to take, considering that individuals with dramatic erratic personality disorders often have the ability to evade limits and manipulate others?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Plan frequent client-centered staff meetings. This measure is advisable as it promotes open communication, collaboration, and consistency in care. By holding regular meetings, staff can discuss concerns, share observations, and develop strategies to effectively manage individuals with erratic personality disorders. This approach helps in setting clear boundaries, identifying manipulative behaviors, and ensuring a unified team response. Summary: - Choice B: Practice take-down and restraint procedures is incorrect as it focuses on physical control rather than preventive strategies. - Choice C: Institute written or taped change-of-shift reports is incorrect as it lacks real-time communication and immediate response to potential issues. - Choice D: Rotate staff assignments so no one is responsible for the client for a prolonged period of days is incorrect as it may disrupt continuity of care and hinder the establishment of trust and rapport.