ATI RN
Basic Principles of Long-Term Patient Care Developing a Therapeutic Community Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is encouraging the postoperative patient to utilize diaphragmatic breathing. Which priority goal is the nurse trying to achieve?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevent atelectasis. Diaphragmatic breathing helps improve lung expansion, prevent atelectasis (lung collapse), and promote optimal gas exchange postoperatively. By utilizing diaphragmatic breathing, the nurse aims to prevent respiratory complications and promote overall lung health. A: Managing pain is important but not the priority goal of diaphragmatic breathing in this scenario. C: While diaphragmatic breathing may indirectly help reduce healing time by improving oxygenation, it is not the primary goal. D: Diaphragmatic breathing does not directly address thrombus formation; other interventions like early ambulation are more effective for this purpose.
Question 2 of 5
Pericardial tamponade and hemorrhagic shock present very similarly in the pre-hospital environment. What is the best way, of those listed, to distinguish between the two diagnoses?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Jugular vein distension is a classic sign of pericardial tamponade due to impaired filling of the right heart chambers. In contrast, hemorrhagic shock typically does not cause jugular vein distension. This distinction is crucial in the pre-hospital setting to differentiate between the two conditions. Choice B is incorrect because cyanosis is not a reliable differentiating factor between pericardial tamponade and hemorrhagic shock. Choice C is incorrect because pericardial tamponade often leads to hypotension due to decreased cardiac output, whereas hemorrhagic shock can also present with hypotension. Choice D is incorrect as the type of tachycardia is not a definitive differentiator between the two conditions.
Question 3 of 5
After assisting a full-term pregnant patient in the delivery of her newborn, the newborn remains bradycardic with a heart rate of 50 beats per minute and exhibits cyanosis around his mouth, nose, fingers, and toes. He is not responding well and appears lethargic following the five-minute APGAR assessment. What would be the best initial intervention at this point to increase his heart rate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct initial intervention is to deliver adequate artificial ventilation after ensuring a definitive airway. This is because the newborn's bradycardia and cyanosis indicate respiratory distress, which can lead to decreased oxygenation and poor perfusion. Ventilating the newborn will help improve oxygenation and increase the heart rate. Administering epinephrine or vasopressors would be premature without addressing the underlying cause of respiratory distress. 'Fast and hard' chest compressions are not indicated for a bradycardic newborn with respiratory distress.
Question 4 of 5
While conducting an EKG on your post-myocardial infarction patient, you note the presence of consistently wide QRS complexes greater than 120 ms in duration. What does this most likely indicate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Wide QRS complexes greater than 120 ms indicate abnormal conduction in the ventricles. Step 2: An intraventricular conduction delay or bundle branch block can cause widened QRS complexes. Step 3: In post-myocardial infarction patients, conduction abnormalities like bundle branch blocks are common. Step 4: Choice A is correct as it aligns with the common occurrence of conduction delays post-MI. Step 5: Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to widened QRS complexes in this context.
Question 5 of 5
You are on-scene with an apneic adult who collapsed one to two minutes prior to your arrival, according to bystanders. Which of the following endotracheal tube size ranges would be most appropriate for an average adult respiratory arrest patient who shows no signs of airway trauma or obstruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 7.5-8.5 ET tube. This size range is most appropriate for an average adult respiratory arrest patient with no signs of airway trauma or obstruction. Rationale: 1. Size range 7.5-8.5 is standard for adult males and females with average airway anatomy. 2. Choosing too small a tube (option D) can lead to inadequate ventilation. 3. Choosing too large a tube (options A and B) can cause trauma to the airway and increase the risk of complications. 4. Considering the patient has no signs of airway trauma or obstruction, a mid-range size tube (option C) provides a balance between effective ventilation and minimizing potential harm. In summary, option C is the most appropriate choice as it balances the need for effective ventilation while minimizing the risk of complications in an average adult respiratory arrest patient.