The nurse is educating a primigravida patient about prenatal testing/screening. She inquires why she needs to be tested for HIV. Which of the following is the nurse’s best response?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: It is a recommended screening for all women, regardless of risk factors. This is because HIV screening during pregnancy is essential to prevent mother-to-child transmission. HIV can be asymptomatic, so screening all pregnant women is crucial. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because marital status, history of gonorrhea, or number of sexual partners do not determine the need for HIV screening during pregnancy. HIV screening is recommended universally to ensure the health of both the mother and the baby.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Discussion of alcohol use. This topic is important for prenatal education to ensure the well-being of the mother and baby. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Discussion of prenatal classes is relevant, but not a priority at 28 weeks. C: Discussion of family history for pregnancy-induced hypertension is important but not usually discussed at every prenatal visit. D: Discussion of signs and symptoms of preterm labor is crucial, but typically discussed later in pregnancy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: This test is to determine how many weeks gestation you are. At 12 weeks gestation, an ultrasound is commonly performed to accurately determine the gestational age of the fetus. This is important for monitoring fetal development and ensuring proper prenatal care. A: This test is to determine the position of the fetus - Incorrect. The position of the fetus is usually determined in later stages of pregnancy and not the primary objective of an early pregnancy ultrasound. B: This test is to determine if there is enough amniotic fluid - Incorrect. Amniotic fluid levels are typically assessed in later stages of pregnancy, not at 12 weeks gestation. D: This test is to determine fetal breathing movements - Incorrect. Fetal breathing movements are typically observed in the third trimester, not at 12 weeks gestation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Bishop score assesses cervical readiness for labor. A score of 8 indicates a cervix that is most favorable for labor, with characteristics such as cervical dilation, effacement, station of the presenting part, cervical consistency, and cervical position all being favorable for childbirth. A score of 8 signifies a well-prepared cervix for labor, making it the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C (2, 4, and 6) represent scores indicating varying degrees of cervical readiness, but they are not as optimal as a score of 8. A Bishop score of 8 is associated with a higher likelihood of successful induction and progression of labor compared to lower scores.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: respiratory distress. During precipitous labor, the rapid delivery can cause the neonate to experience respiratory distress due to inadequate time for fluid clearance from the lungs, leading to transient tachypnea or respiratory distress syndrome. This complication can result in difficulty breathing and require immediate medical intervention. Summary: B: Low birth weight is not directly associated with precipitous labor. C: Prelabor rupture of membranes is unrelated to the speed of labor. D: Placenta previa is a condition involving the placenta's position, not typically related to the duration of labor.