The nurse is educating a pregnant patient on the importance of maintaining a balanced diet during pregnancy. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates effective teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because it emphasizes the importance of eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods and avoiding processed foods. This approach ensures the pregnant patient receives essential nutrients for her health and the baby's development. Variety helps cover all necessary nutrients, while avoiding processed foods reduces the intake of unhealthy additives. This balanced diet promotes optimal health outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Avoiding all carbohydrates is not recommended as they are a vital energy source and cutting them out completely can lead to nutritional deficiencies. B: Eating extra food indiscriminately can result in excessive weight gain and complications. The focus should be on nutrient-dense foods, not just quantity. D: Focusing solely on protein neglects other important nutrients needed during pregnancy. A well-rounded diet is essential for overall health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Regular contractions every 10 minutes or less can indicate preterm labor, which is a serious concern at 30 weeks gestation. The nurse should instruct the patient to report this immediately for further evaluation to prevent premature delivery. A: Mild back pain and cramping are common discomforts during pregnancy and may not be alarming at this stage. B: Feeling of pelvic pressure after physical activity is also common during pregnancy and does not necessarily indicate an urgent issue. D: Occasional headaches and fatigue are common symptoms in pregnancy and do not typically require immediate attention unless they are severe or persistent.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake and stand up slowly. This recommendation is appropriate because occasional dizziness when standing up can be due to postural hypotension common in pregnancy. Increasing fluid intake helps maintain blood volume, and standing up slowly prevents sudden drops in blood pressure. Choice B is incorrect as lying down immediately may not address the underlying issue. Choice C is incorrect as complete rest may not be necessary. Choice D is incorrect as rising quickly can worsen dizziness.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because assessing the patient's posture and recommending appropriate exercises will help address the mild back pain effectively without compromising the safety of the pregnancy. By identifying any postural issues contributing to the pain and recommending suitable exercises, the nurse can promote musculoskeletal health and alleviate discomfort. Administering pain relief without addressing the underlying cause (choice A) may mask symptoms temporarily. Encouraging light physical activities (choice C) could worsen the pain if not tailored to the individual's needs. Instructing the patient to rest and take deep breaths (choice D) may not address the root cause of the back pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Leg cramps during pregnancy are common due to increased weight and pressure on leg muscles. Stretching and elevating legs can help alleviate cramps by improving circulation and reducing muscle tension. Increasing calcium intake (B) may help prevent cramps but is not the immediate action needed. Administering pain medication (C) should be avoided unless absolutely necessary. Walking (D) is beneficial for overall health during pregnancy but may not directly address the immediate leg cramps.