The nurse is educating a male patient on how a vasectomy works. What is the best explanation for this procedure?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A vasectomy involves blocking or cutting the vas deferens to prevent sperm from being ejaculated with semen, making it an effective method of contraception. Choice B is incorrect because the testicles are not removed during a vasectomy, only the vas deferens is altered. Choice C is incorrect because seminal fluid is still produced, but sperm are prevented from entering it. Choice D is incorrect because sperm are not killed, but rather prevented from mixing with semen.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The gate control theory of pain proposes that non-painful input can close the "gates" to painful input, which helps to control and reduce pain perception. Massage, such as massaging the client's back, is a non-pharmacological intervention that can help close the gates and reduce the perception of pain. By massaging the client's back, the nurse is applying this theory to help manage the client's labor pain. Administering analgesic medication (Choice A) is a pharmacological intervention and not specifically related to the gate control theory. Choices B and D are also beneficial nursing actions but do not directly relate to the gate control theory of pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: If a woman has been in labor for 16 hours and her cervix is not dilated, it suggests that the fetal presenting part is not engaged. Engagement refers to the descent of the fetal presenting part (usually the head) into the pelvis. When the presenting part is not engaged, it may lead to a prolonged labor as the fetus needs to descend further for labor to progress effectively. This can result in slower cervical dilation and may require interventions to help facilitate engagement, such as position changes or use of gravity-assisted techniques.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the assessment step of the nursing process, two steps of the CJMM (Clinical Judgment Model) that are included are noticing cues and evaluating outcomes. Noticing cues involves observing and recognizing relevant information or data related to the patient's health status, while evaluating outcomes involves assessing the effectiveness of the nursing interventions and patient responses to the care provided. By noticing cues, nurses gather information that guides their decision-making process, and by evaluating outcomes, they determine the impact of their actions on the patient's health and adjust the plan of care as needed. These two steps are essential in the assessment phase as they contribute to developing a comprehensive understanding of the patient's needs and progress towards achieving desired health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Gestational hypertension is diagnosed by consistent readings of 140/90 mmHg or higher without proteinuria.